It might reasonably have been expected that the adoption of cooking by early humans would not have led to any changes in human digestive anatomy. βββββ ββββ βββββββ βββββ ββββ ββββββ ββ ββββ βββββ βββββ ββββ ββ βββββββ βββββββββββ βββ ββββββββ ββ βββββββ ββββββ βββββ βββ
Other Peopleβs Argument Β·Cooking didnβt lead to changes in human digestive anatomy
Author's Hypothesis Β·Cooking evolutionarily changed human digestion
We evolved to efficiently digest high and densely caloric foods thanks to cooking. Now we are reliant on cooked foods and cannot survive on raw food alone.
Cooking resulted in decrease in tooth and jaw size. Evidence of cooking techniques developing and decreases in tooth and jaw size support the cooking hypothesis.
Future Research Β·More testing required to better understand raw v. cooked
Passage Style
Critique or debate
Phenomenon-hypothesis
26.
The authors suggest which one ββ βββ βββββββββ ββ βββ ββββββ ββββββββββ
Question Type
Authorβs perspective
Implied
We canβt predict the correct answer just based on the question stem, so letβs use process of elimination.
a
Human teeth and ββββ βββββββββ βββββ ββββ βββββ βββββββββ ββ ββββ βββββ βββββββ βββββ ββββ
Too strong. Thereβs no support for the βonlyβ major reduction in size occuring 100,000 years ago. We know that there are signs of a reduction 100,000 years ago; but we also know that there has been a reduction βover evolutionary time.β So there may be further reduction more recently than 100,000 years ago, and some of these might be major reductions.
Not supported, because the βhigh-meatβ diet isnβt brought up in P2. Itβs brought up in P3 in connection with a discussion of the soft parts of the digestive system. But the question stem asks us what is suggested in the βsecond paragraph.β In any case, (B) isnβt supported by P3 either because the author doesnβt suggest that humans have difficulty surviving on a high-meat diet. Rather, they have difficulty surviving on a raw-food diet.
c
The evolution of βββ βββββ βββββββββ ββββββ ββ βββ ββββ βββββββββββ
This relates to P3. But P2 is about jaw and tooth size, not the human digestive anatomy.
Not supported, because nothing in P2 suggests that cooking was adopted by different populations of early humans βat the same time.β Although we do know that populations in different areas did engage in cooking, thereβs no evidence the author thinks they all began cooking at the same time.
Difficulty
57% of people who answer get this correct
This is a very difficult question.
It is slightly harder than the average question in this passage.
CURVE
Score of students with a 50% chance of getting this right
25%151
160
75%169
Analysis
Authorβs perspective
Implied
Critique or debate
Phenomenon-hypothesis
Science
Answer Popularity
PopularityAvg. score
a
15%
157
b
13%
159
c
6%
157
d
57%
165
e
9%
160
Question history
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