Self-study
Passage A.
P1
█████ ████ ███ ██████ ████ ██ ███████████ ████ ██████ ████ ███████ █████ ███ ██████ ███ ███████ ████████ ███ ███ ██████████ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ████ ███████ █████ ██ ████ █████████ ███ █████ ████ █████ █████ ██ ███████ ████ ███ ████ ████ ███████ ██ ██████ ██ ██████ ██████ ███ ███████████ ████ ██ ██ ██████ ██████ █████ ██████ ████████ ████ ██ ███ █████ ███ ████ ██ █████ ███ ██ ██████
Music and Words ·
Can work well together
Words can bring out emotions but words are "inadequate" to express those emotions. This is where music comes in. It can express those emotions and cause further emotions to come out. So words benefit from being set to music.
P2
███ ██ ███ █████ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ ██ █████████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ███ ████ █████████ █ ████████ ██████ ███ ██ █████████ ███ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ████ ███
Cost ·
Each art loses its purity
Subordinate words to music ·
Music is more expressive
Example ·
Beethoven's Fifth Symphony; operas
The aesthetic value mostly comes from the emotional range that music can bring forth.
███████ █
P3
██████████ ███ ███████ ██ ██████ ███ ███████████ █████ ███ ██ ██████████████ ████ ██ █████ ███ █████ ██ ████████ ███ ████ ██ █████ █████ ███ ████████████ ██████ ███████ █████ ███ █████ ████████ ███ ███████ █████████ ██████ █████████ ██████████ ████ █████ ███ ██████ ██████████ █████████████ ███████████ ██ ████ ███████ ███████ █████ ███ ███████ ███████████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ██████ ████████ ███████ ███████ ██████ ███ █████ ██████ ██ █ ███████ █████ ████ ███████ ██ █████ █████ ██ ████ ████ ██████ ███ ████ ██████████ ███
Two kinds of operas ·
1. Music is primary; 2. music and other factors have parity
1. Called singer's opera, Italian; 2. German, balances music and other factors.
Third Kind of Opera ·
Music is subordinate
Earliest opera were like this but nobody liked them.
P4
██ ███ ██████ ██ ███ █████████ ████████ ██ ██████ ██████████ ██ ███ ███████ █████ ███████ ███ █████ ███ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ████████ ██████ ██ ██████ ██ ██████████ ███ █████ ██ ████ ███ ██ ██ █████ ████ █ ████ ███████ █████ ███ ██ ██ ██████ ███ ██████████ █████████ ██ ███ █████ ██ █████ ██ ███████ ████████████ █████████ ███ ████████ ██ █████ █████████ ██████████ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ███ ███████ ██ █████ ████ ██ ██████ ███ █████████ ███ █████ █████████ █ █████ ████████ █████ ██ █████████ ███████████ ███ █████████ ███████ ███ ██████ ██████████ █████ ███ ████████ ██ █████ ███ ██████ ███ ██ ██████████ ███████████ ███ ████ ███ ████████ ██ █████████ █████ ██████ █████████ ██ █████████ █████ ████████ ███ ██ ██████ ██ ████████ ███ ██████ ███ ██████ ██ ██████ ██ ██ ████ ███████████████ ████████ ███ █████████ ██ ███ ██████ █████████████ ███████ ██ ███████ ██████████ ██████████
Judging Operas ·
Must judge music and words together
Can be separately judged for formal analysis but in the end they have to work well together along with the other elements of the opera, e.g., "visual action."
Passage Style
18.
It can be inferred that ███ ██████ ██ ███████ █ ███ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ████████ ██ █████ ██ █████ ███ █████ ███ ████████████ ██ ███ ██████
a
It is primarily █ ███████ ███ █████
There’s no evidence Passage B thinks “singer’s operas” are “primarily” popular art.
b
It has been ██████ ██████████ ███ █████████ ███████ ████ ███████████
The author doesn’t express a negative attitude toward “singer’s operas.”
c
It is emotionally ████ ██████████ ████ █████ █████ ██ ██████
The author doesn’t indicate that “singer’s operas” are more emotionally expressive than other operas. The author doesn’t compare the level of emotional expression between different kinds of operas.
d
It is as ██████████ ██ █████ █████ ██ ██████
e
It should be ██████ ██ ██████ ██ ████ █ ███████ ██████
The author doesn’t indicate that “singer’s operas” should be judged as thought they were concert pieces. The author references “concert piece” in the last paragraph, but the author actually suggests we should not judge the music in operas as concert pieces.