Support Munroe was elected in a landslide. ββ ββ ββββββββββ βββ ββββββ ββ ββββ ββββ βββββββ βββββββ ββββ β βββββββββββ βββββ ββ βββ ββββββββββ ββ βββ ββββββββββ βββ β ββββββββ βββββββββ βββββ βββ ββββββ βββββ βββ ββββββββββ ββββ βββββ βββ ββββ β βββββββββββ βββββ ββ βββ ββββββββββ ββ βββ βββββββββββ
The argument has one sufficient condition (if Munroe elected) leading to two necessary conditions (shift in sentiment, well-run campaign). Then, the author states that the sufficient was triggered (Munroe elected) to conclude that one of the necessary conditions occurred (shift in sentiment).
Which one of the following βββββββββ ββ ββββ βββββββ ββββββββ ββ βββ βββββββββ ββ βββ ββββββββ ββββββ
The Park Street ββββ ββββββ ββββ ββββ ββββ ββββββ βββ ββββββββ ββββ βββ ββββββββββ βββ βββββββ βββ ββββββββ ββββ βββ ββββββββββ βββ ββββ ββββββββββ βββ βββ ββββ ββ ββββ βββ ββββ ββββββ ββββ ββββββ βββββββ ββ βββ ββββββ ββββββ ββββββββββββ
Mismatched premises and conclusion. (A) does not have any conditional, unlike the stimulus. (A) is eliminating one option (customers unsatisfied) to confirm the other (strong competition), but the stimulus does not confirm something due to an alternative reason not being true.
Also, (A) is a false dichotomy because we donβt know that these are the only two options.
The Park Street ββββ ββββββ ββββ βββββ ββ ββ ββββ ββββββββ ββββ βββ ββββ ββββββ ββββ βββ ββββββ ββββββ ββββββββββββ βββββ ββ βββββ βββ ββββ ββββββ ββββββ ββ βββ ββββ ββββ ββββ ββ βββ ββββββ ββββββ βββββββββββ βββ ββββ βββ ββββββββ ββββ βββ ββββββββββββ
The argument has one sufficient condition (if cafe closes) leading to two necessary conditions (strong competition, customers unsatisfied). Then, the author states that the sufficient was triggered (cafe closed) to conclude that one of the necessary conditions occurred (strong competition).
No one can βββββ ββββ βββ ββββ ββββββ ββββ ββββββ ββββ ββββ βββββββ βββ ββββββββ ββββ βββ βββ ββββββββββ ββββ ββ βββ ββββββββ ββββ βββ βββ ββββββββββ βββ ββββ ββββββ ββββ βββββ ββββ ββββββ ββββ ββ ββ βββ ββββββ ββββββ ββββββββββββ
Mismatched premises and conclusion. (C) sets a conditional (if cafe closes, then strong competition) to conclude that something else outside of the conditional wasnβt occurring (customer base unsatisfied). The stimulus triggers a sufficient condition to conclude that one of its necessary conditions has occurred.
Also, (C) is flawed in general, because both of these things could be happening
The Park Street ββββ ββββββ ββββ βββββ βββββ βββ ββ ββββββ βββ ββ ββ ββββββ ββββ ββ ββ βββ ββββββ ββββββ βββββββββββ βββ βββ ββ βββββββββββ ββββββββ βββββ ββ βββ ββββββ ββββ βββ βββ βββββββββββ ββββ ββ βββ ββββ ββββββ ββββββ βββββββββββ βββ βββ ββ βββββββββββ ββββββββ βββββ
Mismatched premises and conclusion. (D) uses a conditional, but the βandβ portion is in the sufficient condition, whereas the stimulus has βandβ in the necessary condition. Then, it confirms the necessary (cafe closed) to say that the sufficient condition may have occurred. This is invalid, and different than the stimulus, which uses the trigger of a sufficient to conclude that one of its two necessary conditions has also occurred.
The Park Street ββββ ββββββ ββββ βββββ ββ βββββ ββ ββββ βββββ ββ ββββββ β ββββ ββ βββββββββββ βββ ββ ββββββ β βββββββββ ββββββββ βββββ βββββββ ββ βββ ββββββββ βββ βββββββββββ ββββββββββ ββ ββββ βββ ββββ ββββββ ββββ βββββ βββ ββββ ββββββ ββββ ββββ βββββ
Mismatched premise and conclusion. (E) has the same conditional setup as the stimulus: one sufficient condition (if cafe stays open) leading to two necessary conditions (lack of competition, satisfied customers). But then, (E) negates both necessary conditions to conclude that the sufficient was unachievable. The stimulus triggers the sufficient to confirm one of the necessary conditions.