PT154.S4.Q24 > Question

SECTION 1 · lr

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SECTION 2 · lr

SECTION 3 · rc

PASSAGE 1

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PASSAGE 2

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PASSAGE 3

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PASSAGE 4

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SECTION 4 · lr

The author hypothesizes that experiencing a traumatic event can affect how much cortisol one produces in response to stress. This is based on the fact that people who have experienced a traumatic event but don’t develop PTSD tend to produce higher levels of cortisol in times of stress than do people who haven’t experienced traumatic events.

The author assumes that people who have experienced traumatic events without developing PTSD are representative of people who have experienced traumatic events generally (i.e. including those who did develop PTSD) with respect to the amount of cortisol produced in times of stress. The author also assumes that there isn’t another explanation for the correlation observed between cortisol amounts produced and experiencing a traumatic event without PTSD.

“Sometimes” could just be a single occasion. We don’t have any reason to think these conditions occur often enough to explain the lower average cortisol production of the group of people who haven’t experienced traumatic events.

This raises the potential of reverse causation. Maybe people who start off producing more cortisol are more likely to avoid PTSD after trauma. This might explain why the trauma + no PTSD group has higher cortisol production than the group that didn’t experience trauma.

If anything, this might support the alleged connection between traumatic events and producing more cortisol in times of stress.

The comparison in the stimulus involves people who don’t have PTSD. So they wouldn’t be taking the medications described in (D).

This strengthens the argument by providing a causal mechanism for how experiencing trauma might lead to more cortisol production in times of stress.

PrepTest 154 - Section 4 - Question 24

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