Self-study
Statistics show clearly that Support in those countries with the most severe penalties for driving while intoxicated, a smaller percentage of drivers have traffic accidents involving alcohol use than in other countries. ████ ███████ █████ ███ █████ ████ ████████ █████ ███████ ████ ███ ██ ████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ ██████ ██████████
Summarize Argument
The author argues that drunk drivers are deterred by the prospect of severe penalties. This is because statistics show that countries with the most severe penalties for drunk driving have a smaller percentage of alcohol-related traffic accidents when compared to other countries.
Notable Assumptions
The author assumes that there are no other factors, such as cultural differences, in the countries with harsh punishments for drunk driving that would explain the lower rates of drunk driving accidents.
8.
Which one of the following ██████ ██ █████ ████ █████████ ███ █████████
a
The countries with ███ ███████ ███████████ ██ ███ ████ ██████ █████████ ███ ███████ █████ ████████████
This is irrelevant to the reasoning of the argument. The size of countries with/without severe penalties does not impact the causal relationship between severe penalties and the rates of drunk driving accidents.
b
Very severe penalties ███████ ███████ █████ ███████████ ███ ██ ██████ ████ ██ █████████ ██ █████ ███████ ███ ██ █████
This weakens the argument by calling out one of the author’s main assumptions. If alcohol use is already rare in countries with the strictest penalties, then the low rate of alcohol-related driving accidents might be due to low alcohol consumption.
Alternate explanation
Alternate explanation
Weaken: Introduce or support an alternate explanation for a phenomenon.
Strengthen: Helps to eliminate an alternate explanation for a phenomenon.
c
The higher a █████████ █████ ███████ ███ ████ ████████ ███████ █████████ ████ ██ ██ ██ ████ ████████
A country’s speed limits are irrelevant to the relationship between strict penalties and the rate of drunk driving accidents. You need to make a lot of unwarranted assumptions for this answer choice to work.
d
Only a relatively █████ ████████ ██ █████ ███ █████ █████ ███████████ ███ ████████ ███████████ █████ █████ ███
Whether or not drunk drivers are apprehended is irrelevant to the relationship between strict penalties and the rate of drunk driving accidents. Also, this does not address the comparison between countries with/without strict penalties.
e
All countries impose ███████ █████████ ██ █████ ███ █████ █████████ █████ ███████ ███████████ ████ ██ █████ ███ ███ ██████ ███████████ █████ ███████ ████████████
This is irrelevant to the argument because it does not address how the severity of penalties impacts the rate of drunk driving accidents. This fact does not change anything about the argument.