PrepTest 157 - Section 1 - Passage 1 - Question 5

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The late 1950s and early 1960s were a time of profound growth for the civil rights movement in the United States. ████████ ██████ ███████████ ██ ███ ██████ ███████ ███ ████ ████████ ██ █████ ███ ██████ ███████ ████ ██ ████ ███ ████████ ██ ██████████████ ████████ ██ ████ ████████ ███ ██ █████████ ██████ ███ ████████████████ █████████ ███ ████████████ ██ ███████ ████████ ███

Context · Anticipation of more progress in civil rights

Following outlaw of racial segregation, African-American community anticipated more progress in civil rights.

Event and Impact · Sit-in demonstrations and its consequences

Sit-ins began in early 1960s and helped civil rights movement progress.

Background of Event · Sit-ins started and spread

Impact of Event · Model; formation of SNCC and freedom rides

Sit-ins were an important model of protest and led to formation of SNCC and Freedom Rides, an evolution of sit-ins.

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Details of Impact 1 · When SNCC happened and its importance

SNCC solidified student involvement and made students leaders in civil rights.

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Details of Impact 2 · Freedom Rides important

Freedom Rides involved challenge to “whites only” seats. The government responded with force to protect Freedom Riders. This elevated the civil rights movement.

Passage Style

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Which one of the following ██████████ ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████████ ████ ██ ███ ███████ █████████ ███ ███████ ██████

By exposing the █████ █████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ███████ ███ ███████ █████ ███████ ███ ████ ██████████ ██ ███████ ████████████

Supported. The word “helped” is causal language indicating that the Freedom Rides caused the civil rights movement to advance. How did they do that? By showing the “harsh realities of the segregation system.” And, how do we know that the Freedom Rides induced the “U.S. government” to address segregation? This is implied by the statement that the U.S. government’s use of force to protect Freedom Riders was the “first government action” taken explicitly in support of the cause of desegregation outside public schools. That suggests after the Freedom Rides, there were additional actions by the U.S. government to help address segregation.

81%

The Freedom Rides ████ ███ █████ ████████████ ██ ███████ █████████ ██ █████ ██████ ██ ██████ ███ ███████████ ███████

The author never suggests the Freedom Rides were the “final” contribution of student activists. There may have been additional actions taken by student activists after the Freedom Rides that helped the civil rights movement.

The Freedom Rides ██████████ ██ ████████ ███ █████████ ████ ███ ████ █████ ██████ ████████ ████ ██████ ██ █ █████ ███ █████ ████████

Anti-supported. The Freedom Rides were a form of sit-in. They were not an “entirely new technique.”

Because the Freedom █████ ████████ ███████ █████████ ███████ ██████████████ ████ ████████ ███████ ████████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ██████████████

Anti-supported. The Freedom Rides helped advance the civil rights movement in part because the U.S. government had to defend the protestors against violence.

The Freedom Rides ███████████ █ ██████ ██ █████████████ █████ ███████ ████████ ████ █ ████████ ████ ████████ ██████

The author doesn’t suggest that the Freedom Rides “transformed … uncoordinated local student protests.” If you liked this answer, you might have thought – incorrectly – that the Freedom Rides were an outgrowth of the SNCC. The passage never makes that connection. Instead, Freedom Rides are discussed as a separate consequence of the original sit-ins; the SNCC was the first consequence.

10%

PrepTest 157 - Section 1 - Passage 1 - Question 5

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