Self-study
Lambert: The proposal to raise gasoline taxes to support mass transit networks is unfair. ███ ██████ ███████ ███ ████ █████ ███ █████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ██████ ██ ███ ███ █████
███████ ███ ████ ██████████████ ███ ██████████ ███ ██████ █████ ███ █████ ███ █████ ████ ███████ ███████ ███████ ██ ████ ████████ ████ ██ ████ ████ ████████ ███ ██████████ ███████ ████ ███ ████████ ███ ████ ██████ █████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████ ███ ████████████ ██ ██████████████ █████ ████ ██████████
Summarize Argument
Keziah concludes the proposed gasoline tax will allow the government to distribute transportation funds more equitably. As evidence, she points out that the government has always spent more from general revenue sources to fund highways compared to mass transit.
Describe Method of Reasoning
Keziah provides important context in order to support the idea that the proposed gasoline tax is fair. She does this by describing that historically, government funding for highways has been disproportionate compared to funding for mass transit. Since taxpayers in general have always paid more in favor of drivers, the gasoline tax will make funding more equitable by evening-out the tax burden.
2.
Keziah uses which one of ███ █████████ █████████████ ██████████ ██ ████████ ██ ████████
a
elaborating the context ██ ███ █████ ██ █████ ██ █████ ███ ████████ ██ █ ████ █████████ █████
The context is the fact that government has always spent more from general revenue resources to fund highways. With this context, the gasoline tax appears more fair and equitable.
b
appealing to the █████████ ████ ████ ████████ ███████ ██ █ █████ ████████ ███ ███████████ ██████ ████ ███████
Keziah does not appeal to this principle. Instead, she describes that funding for highways has always been unfairly supported by the general revenue fund, and the gasoline tax is meant to make this burden more equitable.
c
challenging the presupposition ████ ████████ ██ ██ ███████████ █████████ ██ █████ ██ █████ ███ ██████
Keziah does accept fairness as an appropriate criterion. Contrary to Lambert, she believes the gasoline tax is actually a more equitable way to fund mass transit networks.
d
demonstrating that the ████████ ███ ████████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ █████████ ████████ ███ ███████
Keziah concedes that the gasoline tax will result in increased expenses for drivers. For Keziah, though, she believes that this is a more equitable way to fund mass transit networks.
e
declining to argue █ █████ ████ ███████ ███ ██ ██████ ████████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ██████████
Keziah does not make any claim that Lambert is poorly informed on the issue.