PT117.S1.P3.Q16

PrepTest 117 - Section 1 - Passage 3 - Question 16

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P1

The survival of nerve cells, as well as their performance of some specialized functions, is regulated by chemicals known as neurotrophic factors, which are produced in the bodies of animals, including humans. ███

Context · Nerve cells are regulated by chemicals called neurotrophic factors
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Spotlight · Levi-Montalcini's discovery of NGF was important development in biochemistry
NGF was the first known neurotrophic factor.
P2

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Levi-Montalcini's hypothesis · Many nerve cells are programmed to die
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Experimentation · Discovered that nerve development could be stimulated in chick embryos by implanting tumors
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Additional hypothesis · Chemical produced by tumors caused nerve growth
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Experimentation · Tissue culture method confirmed hypothesis and identified the "nerve growth factor" (NGF)
P3

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Later research · NGF directs nerves toward appropriate connections, and is necessary for survival of nerve cells
Passage Style
Single position
Spotlight
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16.

Based on the passage, the ██████ █████ ██ ████ ██████ ██ ███████ ████ █████████████████ █████████ ██ ███ ██ ██████████ █████████ ███████ ██

a

paved the way ███ ████ ████████ █████████ ██ ███ █████████ █████████ ███ ███████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████

This is the best answer. In P3, the author describes the additional information we learned about nerve cells as a result of Levi-Montalcini’s discovery of NGF. This is why the author calls the discovery of NGF a “crucial” development in the history of biochemistry.

65%
b

demonstrated that a ████ ███ ██████████ █████████ █████ █████ █████████ ███ █████████████ ████████████ ███████

There’s no evidence the author finds the most value in the laboratory technique used by Montalcini. This isn’t connected to why the author calls the discovery of NGF “crucial.”

2%
c

confirmed the hypothesis ████ ████ ██ █ ██████████ ██████████ ████████ █████ █████ ███ ████████ ██████████ ██ ███

This hypothesis is just one part of the story of how Levi-Montalcini discovered NGF. We have no reason to think the author believes this part of the story is the most valuable aspect of NGF. What reason do you have to think that the author values this aspect of NGF over the additional information about nerve cells discussed in the last paragraph? None.

10%
d

indicated that this █████████ ██████████ ██████████ ███████████ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ █████████ ███████

We have no reason to think the author values the discovery of NGF primarily because NGF can stimulate reactions in organisms. What the author focuses on is the contribution of the discovery of NGF to our understanding of nerve cells. This is why the author calls the discovery “crucial” in the development of the history of biochemistry.

10%
e

identified a specific ██████████ ████████ ██ █████ ███████ ████ ███ ██ ████ ██ █████████ █████ ████ ██████

We have no reason to think the author values the discovery of NGF primarily because identified NGF. What the author focuses on is the contribution of the discovery of NGF to our understanding of nerve cells. This is why the author calls the discovery “crucial” in the development of the history of biochemistry. The question isn’t just asking, “What’s something that’s supported?” It’s asking why the author finds NGF noteworthy. The answer relates to the impact of the discovery of NGF and its role in the development of biochemistry. The answer isn’t just, “because the discovery of NGF identified a nerve growth substance.”

13%

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