Self-study
The following passage was written in the mid-1990s.
P1
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Intro topic ·
Conflict between Internet users and copyright holders
Internet users want free access to info. But many Internet transmissions are copyrightable. Copyright holders want to protect their copyright.
P2
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Problem ·
Canadian copyright law hasn't kept up with digitalization
Digitalization makes it easy to make unlimited copies and transmit them all over the world. Current law only prohibits copying things into a material form. It's not settled whether digital copying involves a material form. So it's not a crime in Canada.
P3
Experts' solution ·
Add unauthorized digital copying to list of prohibited things
Limits of solution ·
Should copying a digital copy (as opposed to copying the original) be illegal? Can we even enforce this law, given that everyone around the world can easily access and copy digital material? Also, most transmissions will be exempt from the law because copyright law will exempt copying for private study and research.
Prediction ·
Conflict will continue
Internet users treat information as available for everyone. Publishers treat it as stuff owned by its creator.
Passage Style
Critique or debate
Problem-analysis
25.
Given the author's argument, which ███ ██ ███ █████████ █████████ ██ ███████ ████████ █████████ ███ █████ ████ ██████ ██ ██ █████████ ██████████ ██ ████ ███ ████████ █████████ ███ ███ ██████████ ██████████
a
Digitalization of copyrighted █████ ██ █████████ ██ ████████ █████ ███ ███ █ █████ ███ ██ █████████ ████████
This answer best treats information as a commodity while also making it available for everyone. If Internet users have to pay a fee to make digital copies, then the information being copied is like a commodity — it’s something for sale. But if the fee is only “small,” that maximizes access. The fee isn’t some exorbitant amount that makes copyright practically available only to a small number of people. Notice that unlike other answers, (A) doesn’t prohibit certain classes of people from copying. Everyone is allowed to copy, as long as they pay the small fee.
b
Digitalization of copyrighted █████ ██ ██████████ ██ ████████ █████ ███ ███ ███ ██████████
The Internet community wouldn’t agree with this, because this doesn’t make information available to everyone.
c
Digitalization of copyrighted █████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ ████████ █████ ███████ ████████████
The publishing community wouldn’t agree with this, because this doesn’t treat information like a commodity. The creator isn’t able to sell the rights to make digital copies of the information.
d
Digitalization of copyrighted █████ ██ ██████████ ██ ███ ████████ █████ ███████ ██████████
The Internet community wouldn’t agree with this, because this doesn’t make information available to everyone.
e
Digitalization of copyrighted █████ ██ █████████ ██ ████████ █████ ███████ ██ █████████
The Internet community wouldn’t agree with this, because this doesn’t make information available to everyone. It’s not clear what the publishing community is getting out of this either.