Self-study
P1
The Cultural Revolution of 1966 to 1976, initiated by Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong in an attempt to reduce the influence of China's intellectual elite on the country's institutions, has had lasting repercussions on Chinese art. ███
Intro topic ·
China's Cultural Revolution and its impacts on Chinese art
Describe impacts ·
of Cultural Revolution on Chinese art
Censorship; art had to be politically focused and conform to Communist Party's ideology
P2
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Longer-term impacts ·
of Cultural Revolution on Chinese art
Artists reacted against the limitations imposed by the Cultural Revolution, leading to a flourishing of artistic movements after the Revolution
Example of reactionary art ·
Scar Art emerged in response to Cultural Revolution
Painters trained in the "realist" style by the Communist Party were exiled, witnessed rural poverty, and depicted that poverty more honestly than communist-approved art did
Contrast ·
Scar Art and Revolutionary Realism
Communist-approved Revolutionary Realism focused on broad and impressive subject matter and portrayed communist society as perfect; Scar Art focused on specific and mundane subject matter and portrayed society's flaws
P3
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Later artistic developments ·
Scar Art declined, gave way to Native Soil movement
Native Soil art celebrated traditional (non-modernized) rural life
Contrast ·
Scar Art and Native Soil art
Scar Art depicted the damage caused by modernity on rural life; Native Soil art celebrated traditional rural life
Author's perspective ·
Native Soil art "trivialized" by trying to please Western observers
Negative outcome for Native Soil art
Passage Style
Single position
Spotlight
8.
Which one of the following ██████████ █████ ███████ ██ ███████ ███ ███ ████ ██████████ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ████████
a
The artists who ██████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ████ ████████ █████████ █ ████████ ████ ██ ███████ ██ ████████ ███████ ███ ██████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████ ████
The passage doesn’t suggest that the “leaders” of the Native Soil movement reacted against the “styles and techniques” of Scar Art. Although we know that many artists abandoned Scar Art because it was co-opted for political purposes, this doesn’t imply that artists reacted against Scar Art’s styles or techniques. They arguably reacted to Scar Art’s politicization, but this is different from reacting to styles and techniques.
b
Chinese art has ███████████ ███████████ ███████████ ██ ███████ ███████ ████ ███████████ █████████ ███ ████████ █████████
Supported by the passage’s discussion of Maoist Revolutionary Realism, Scar Art, and Native Soil. Each movement involved different conceptions of realism based on different purposes. Maoist Revolutionary Realism was interested in portraying a government-endorsed truth. Scar Art was interested in the hardships of rural life. Native Soil was interested in portraying the charms of peasant life. These different purposes are “contrasting political and artistic purposes.”
c
The goals of ███████ ██ ███████ ███ ████ ████ ███████████ █████████ ██ ████ ███ ████ ███ ████████ ███ ███ ██████ ████ █████████
The author never characterizes the goals of realism as having been “effectively furthered.” It’s not even clear that there are “goals of realism in Chinese art.” Different art movements had different goals.
d
Until the development ██ ███ ████ ███ █████████ ████████ ██ █████ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ████ ███ █████ ██ ███ ████ █████████ █████ ███████ ███████ █████████
Not supported, because we have no reason to think no Chinese realist painters had been interested in rural life before Scar Art emerged. Perhaps there were some realist painters interested in rural life hundreds of years before Scar Art. The author never suggests Scar Art marked the beginning of interest in rural life among Chinese realist painters.
e
Unlike the art ████ ███ ███████████ ██████ ███ ████████ ███████████ ████ ███ ███ ███ █ ████ ██ ███████ ████
The author describes Scar Art as a type of realist art.