Self-study
Mariah: Joanna has argued that Adam should not judge the essay contest because several of his classmates have entered the contest. ████████ ███ ██████ ███ ███ ██████████ ██ ██████ ██ ███ █████ ████ █████████ ████ ██ ██████ ███████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████ ██████ ████ ███ ██ ██████████ ██ ██████████ ███████ ██████████ █ █████ ████ ██████ ████ ████ ██████ ███ █████ ███ ████████
Summary
Mariah concludes that Adam shouldn’t judge the essay contest because he doesn’t have experience critiquing essays.
Notable Assumptions
Mariah’s premises don’t connect Adam’s lack of experience with the conclusion that he shouldn’t judge the contest. She assumes that someone with no experience in an area shouldn’t judge contests in that area.
To help justify Mariah’s argument, we need a rule or principle that satisfies this assumption by confirming that experience is an important factor in determining who should judge a contest.
3.
Which one of the following ███████████ ██ ██████ ████ █████ ██ ███████ ████████ █████████
a
A suspicion of ████ ██ ████████████ ███████ ██ █████ ██ ██████████ ███████ ████ ███████ █ ████████
This is a critique of Joanna’s argument. While Mariah does criticize Joanna’s argument, she then goes on to make her own argument. Mariah’s argument doesn’t actually address bias. She argues that Adam shouldn’t judge the contest because he doesn’t have experience.
b
Expertise should be ███ ███████ ████████████ ███ ███████ ██ █ ███████ ██████
The fact that Adam doesn’t have experience in essay critiquing suggests that he also doesn’t have expertise in essay critiquing. If expertise should be the main requirement for judging a contest, this helps justify the conclusion that Adam shouldn’t judge the essay contest.
c
The ability of █ █████ ██ ████ █████████ █████████ ██ ████ █████████ ████ ████ ███████ ███████ ██████████
Like (D), this suggests that lack of expertise or experience is not the most important factor in determining whether someone should judge a contest. Mariah argues that Adam shouldn't judge the contest because he has no experience, so (C) doesn't support her argument.
d
In selecting a ███████ ██████ ████████ ████████ ██████ ████████ ███████ ███ ███ ███████████ ██████████
Like (C), this suggests that lack of expertise or experience is not the most important factor in determining whether someone should judge a contest. Mariah argues that Adam shouldn't judge the contest because he has no experience, so (D) doesn't support her argument.
e
A contest judge, ██ ██████ ███ ████ ██████████ ██████ █████ ████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██ ████ ███████
This is relevant to Joanna’s argument, but not to Mariah’s argument. Mariah argues that Adam shouldn’t judge the contest because he doesn’t have experience; she doesn’t say anything about the possibility of bias.