Self-study
Support The companies that are the prime purchasers of computer software will not buy a software package if the costs of training staff to use it are high, and Support we know that it is expensive to teach people a software package that demands the memorization of unfamiliar commands. ██ █ ███████ ██ ██ ███████████ ██████████ ████████ ████████ ██████ ███████ █████ ██ ████████ ██████████ █████████
Summary
The argument concludes that in order to be successful, the software cannot demand memorization of unfamiliar commands. This is based on the following two premises:
If training costs are high, prime purchasers of the software won’t buy it.
If a software demands memorization of unfamiliar commands, then the training costs are high.
Missing Connection
We want to reach the conclusion that if a software demands memorization of unfamiliar commands, it won’t be successful. “Won’t be successful” is a new concept in the conclusion; the premises don’t tell us what leads to lack of success.
But we do know from the two premises together that if a software demands memorization of unfamiliar commands, the prime purchasers won’t buy it.
If we learn that “prime purchasers won’t buy” establishes “unsuccessful,” that will establish that if a software demands memorization of unfamiliar commands, it won’t be successful. In other words, we want to learn that in order to be successful, a software needs prime purchasers to buy it.
21.
The conclusion above follows logically ██ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████████
a
If most prime ██████████ ██ ████████ ████████ ███ █ ████████ ████████ ████ ███████ ████ ██ ███████████
(A) establishes what is sufficient for a software product to be successful. But we’re trying to establish what’s sufficient for a software product to be UNsuccessful. Or, you could also say that we’re looking for what’s necessary for the product to be successful. Learning what’s sufficient for success doesn’t prove what’s necessary for success.
b
Commercial computer software ████ ████ ███ ███████ █████ ██ ████████ ██████████ ████████ ██ ██ ████ █████████ ████ ████████ ████ █████
(B) compares the expense of different kinds of software. But it doesn’t tell us anything about what’s required for success, or what’s sufficient to lead to lack of success.
c
Commercial computer software ████ ███ ██ ██████████ ██████ █████ ██████████ ███ ███
(C) establishes that in order for a software product to be successful, its prime purchasers must buy it. Since we know from the premises that if a product demands memorization of unfamiliar commands, prime purchasers won’t buy it, adding (C) now establishes that if a product demands memorization of unfamiliar commands, it won’t be successful.
d
If the initial ████ ██ ████████ ████████ ██ █████ ███ ███ ████ ██ ████████ █████ ██ ████ █████ ██████████ ████ █████ ███ ████ █████████
(D) doesn’t tell us anything about what’s required for success, or what’s sufficient to lead to lack of success.
e
The more difficult ██ ██ ██ █████ ███ ██ ███ █ █████ ██ █████████ ███ ████ █████████ ██ ██ ██ █████ █ ██████ ██ ███ ████ █████████
(E) doesn’t tell us anything about what’s required for success, or what’s sufficient to lead to lack of success.