@arieatsoranges Hope this reply is not too late! I am also struggling with AC A and I had the same interpretation as yours! I think one different and probably more accurate way to interpret “an abstract model” in AC A is by noticing the article “an.” This makes this term not refer to the abstract model or assertion that the comm. specialists held in Para 1, but rather represent a more general concept of whether an abstract model can be applied in this cultural relationships discipline. And another reason why AC A is wrong might be that it’s too weak. Even if the “abstract model” does represent the model mentioned in Para 1, the author has already stated that the model lacks empirical support and sometimes goes against facts. There’s already some judgment by the author that the cultural relationships cannot be accurately described by their model. So that judgement does not require their taking the authors recommendations. In comparison, AC C acts better as a contrapositive of the authors recommendations of what is needed to understand the problem at hand. Hope this helps!