Hi, I just finished this practice test and was very confused about why the answer to this question is E.

The stem is asking which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument. The argument can be summarized by the following: if a medieval epistemologist believed something, then it belongs to the broader category of medieval epistemology and vice versa.

The correct answer is: "there is much debate as to which medieval thinkers, if any, were epistemologists." The answer I chose is (paraphrased): some medieval epistemologists had beliefs that contradicted those of other medieval epistemologists.

Who cares if the first one is true? It's true that there is a debate, not that there for certain are no medieval epistemologists. Whereas, if the answer I chose were to be true, it introduces a clear contradiction (where X and not X are true at the same time). Could anyone help explain this? Thank you.

I just finished this test and spent a lot of time on this question. B seems like the obvious correct answer at first (and is the correct answer), but the argument about efforts being wasted on protecting endangered species' NATURAL habitats is, in my opinion, unaffected by the creation of an animal refuge. The establishment of an animal refuge seems to me like an obviously distinct effort than one that is protecting a natural habitat. By it needing to be established and the word "refuge", it seems artificial by definition.

Can someone help me understand this?

Admin Note: Edited title. For LR questions, please use the format: "PT#.S#.Q# - brief description of the question."