'Special' in answer choice B doesn't just refer to a vegetarian diet; it refers to the high-calcium diet also mentioned in the stimulus. From this we can infer 'special' is used in the sense of being different from the diet of a typical person, not in some pejorative or value-laden sense.

A quick Google search backs this up. Per the Washington Post, vegetarians make up roughly 5 percent of both the US's and the world's population.

Instead of the LSAC, could it be that you're the one who's culturally biased (towards outrage)?

Most of these comments are overanalyzing C, I think. The author explicitly states present facts contradict Malthus's position. A fact can't simultaneously support and contradict. That's all there is to it.

I just read. Preferably some moderately dense nonfiction. (Doesn't need to be academic, just analytic.) Keep track of the arguments in your head and that'll be more than enough to stay sharp.