Thank you for the explanation. The most important thing I missed is that it is a "parallel flaw" question, not just parallel reasoning. In PF questions, correct logic will show up in some answer choices that would otherwise parallel the logic except for the flaw.

Thanks for the clarification! It's more intuitive to see it as introducing the necessary than to negate sufficient and then also negate the necessary. But I see it both ways now.

This helps tremendously. Until and unless are both group three and introduce necessary or negate sufficient. I think the "not" in front of the until is redundant. I see that by the example using the unless statement. Saying "not unless" would also be redundant.

Turns out I was confused. I'm glad I reached out for help. Thank you.

And now I remember reading this. Thank you.

Does anyone know if the June results will be available before the July test and how it would work if you are satisfied with your June test score and want a refund for July?

Is it not necessary that Freudian theory has little success in predicting how people behave in various situations? The opposite is that it has lots of predictive success which would hurt the arg that we should abandon these theories in favor of the others.

Does Arthur not think Marta favors the development of rec areas other than walking trails? I'm having trouble eliminating B.