PT108.S2.Q2

SECTION 1 · rc

PASSAGE 1
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8

PASSAGE 2
Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16

PASSAGE 3
Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21

PASSAGE 4
Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

SECTION 2 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24

SECTION 3 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

SECTION 4 · rc

PASSAGE 1
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7

PASSAGE 2
Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15

PASSAGE 3
Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20

PASSAGE 4
Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27

PrepTest 108 - Section 2 - Question 2

Question

Explanation

Analytics

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John: For 40 years, fluoride has been added to public drinking water. █████████ ██ █ ██████ ███████████ ██████ ████████ █████ ████ █████ ██ ██████████ ████ ██████ ████ ███████ ██████ ███████ ██ ███ ███ ████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██████ ████ █████████ ███ ███ ██████ ████ ████ ███████████ ████ ██████ █ ██ ███████ ████ █ ██████ ████████████ ████ ████████ ███████████ ██████ ████ ████ ████ █ ██ ████ ███ ██ ███████ ████ ███████

Summarize Argument

John concludes that he should stop drinking fluoridated water to ensure that he doesn’t develop bone cancer because the majority of the male test rats that drank fluoridated water developed bone cancer.

Identify and Describe Flaw

John reasons that because male test rats developed bone cancer from drinking fluoridated water, he should stop drinking fluoridated water, as stopping will ensure that he doesn’t develop bone cancer. However, John fails to consider the possibility that male rats react to fluoridated water differently than humans or that he could still develop bone cancer even if he stops drinking fluoridated water.

Analysis by MatthewSorrels

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Which one of the following ██ ███ █████████ █████████ ██ ██████ ██████████

John does not ████████ ███ ██████ ███████ ███████ ███ ████████ ██ ████████████ ██ ██████

John’s argument isn’t concerned with others besides himself. He only argues that he should stop drinking fluoridated water.

John does not ████████ ███████ ███████████ █████ ██████ █████ █████████

John’s argument isn’t about other diseases. He only argues that he should stop drinking fluoridated water to avoid developing bone cancer.

John does not ████████ ███████ █████ ████ ███ █████ ███████ ██████ ███ ██ █████ ██ █████ ████████ ███ ███ █████ ██ ███ ██████

Whether there were periods during the 40 years in which fluoride wasn’t added to the water is irrelevant. John argues he should stop drinking fluoridated water now.

John does not █████ ██ ███ ████████ ███████ ████ ███████████ █████ ███ ██ ███████

John’s argument isn’t concerned with positive effects of fluoridated water. He argues that he should stop drinking fluoridated water so he doesn’t develop bone cancer.

John does not ████████ ███ ███████████ ██ █████ ██████ ██ ████ ███████

John fails to consider this. John argues that ceasing to drink fluoridated water is the only way he can ensure that he won’t develop bone cancer, but he ignores the possibility that he could develop bone cancer for other reasons even if he stops drinking fluoridated water.

Difficulty

Question

95% of people who answer get this correct

This is a low-difficulty question.

CURVE

Score of students with a 50% chance of getting this right

25% 120

127

75% 141

Analysis

Question Stem Tags

Flaw or descriptive weakening

Stems that ask us to articulate a flaw in the stimulus' argument, either in abstract terms or by pointing out a weakness.

Stimulus Tags

Causal reasoning

Stimuli that feature the logic of causation (e.g. phenomenon-hypothesis, causal chain, experiments).

Answer Popularity

Popularity Avg. score

159

144

162

95%

166

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