PrepTest 110 - Section 4 - Passage 1 - Question 4

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The okapi, a forest mammal of central Africa, has presented zoologists with a number of difficult questions since they first learned of its existence in 1900. ███

Intro topic · Okapi raises lots of questions

Question 1 · How to classify Okapi?

Size and stripes are like horse family.

Answer · Belongs to giraffe family

Belongs to giraffe because of skin-covered horns, two-lobed canine, and long tongue.

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Question 2 · Size of Okapi population?

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Answer · Not as rare as previously thought, but concentrated in limited area

They live only in a chain of forestland surrounded by savanna in northeastern central Africa.

Reasons for apparent rarity · Good camouflage, don't travel in groups or in open areas

They stay inside the forest.

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Reason for staying inside forest · Eat only leaves

They never eat one plant much more than others. So they walk around the forest eating various leaves, and don't congregate in groups in the forest.

Question 3 · Why remain only in forest when they eat plants that are found between forest and savanna?

Possible Answers · Defense against predators or outcompeted by other animals in other areas

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Question 4 · Why aren't they in other nearby forests?

Possible answer · Live in area that used to be the only forest

Zoologists think Okapis respect the boundaries of what used to be the only forest, even after forest expanded.

Passage Style

Phenomenon-hypothesis (RC)

Single position

Suppose that numerous okapis are ██████████ ██████ ██ █ ██████ ██████ ██████ ██ ████████████ ███████ ██████ ████ ██████████ ███ ███ ██████████ █████████ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ██████ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ █████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████ ██████ ██ ████████ █████ ████ ██████████

Question Type

Implied

Other’s perspective

The author tells us what zoologists think about the locations in which okapis live in the last paragraph: ”Zoologists theorize that okapis are relicts of an era when forestland was scarce and that they continue to respect those borders even though available forestland has long since expanded.” This means zoologists think that okapis continue to live in the areas they used to live in when forests were scarce. So they’d conclude that the recently discovered area in which okapis are found to live is a place where okapis used to live when forests were scarce.

Okapis were pushed ████ ████ ██████ ██████ ██ ███████████ ████ ███████ ██ ███████████ ████████

Not supported. We have no reason to think zoologists believe competition with other mammals “in neighboring forests” pushed the okapis to their location. Although the author speculates that okapis might have been pushed into forest areas based on competition with animals that feed at “forest edges,” those other animals do not necessarily live “in forests,” nor do we know that zoologists agree with this speculation. Notice that the author does not attribute the claim about competition to other zoologists.

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Okapis in this ██████ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ ██████ ███████ ██████ ███ ████████

Anti-supported. Okapis prefer to remain within forests, even though many foods they eat are also found between forests and savannas.

Okapis in this ██████ ██████ ███ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ █████ █████████ ██ ███████

Not supported. We have no reason to think zoologists would believe okapis are not threatened by the predators of other okapis.

Okapis moved into ████ ██████ ██████ ███████ █████ █████████ ███████ ██ ████ ████████ █████ ████ ██ █████ ████████

Not supported. We have no reason to think zoologists believe the okapis moved based on the abundance of food.

Okapis lived in ████ ██████ ██████ ████ ██████████ ██ ███ ████ ███ ███████

This is what zoologists are likely to conclude for the reasons explained above.

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PrepTest 110 - Section 4 - Passage 1 - Question 4

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