PrepTest 150 - Section 1 - Passage 2 - Question 9

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When interviewing witnesses to a crime, police interviewers seek to maximize the amount of information that a cooperating eyewitness can give them so that they can generate leads to follow, confirm or disconfirm . ███████ ███ ██ ██████ ███

Intro to Topic · Police interviews of eyewitnesses

Goal is to maximize the amount of true information from eyewitnesses. How do police do this?

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Method 1 · Cognitive interview

Description · Development, adoption, and techniques

Success · Increases number of true recalls without increasing false recalls

Problem · Too hard to implement

Cognitive interview is complex. Too hard to learn. Too hard to implement. So it's great if it's executed properly but it's too hard to execute properly.

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Method 2 · Hypnosis

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Problem · May increase false reports; may increase false confidence; not all witnesses are susceptible to hypnosis

While hypnosis is easier to execute than cognitive interview, it has a lot of downsides.

Ideal Solution / Method · 3 criteria

1. requires no special training (better than cognitive interview); 2. can be applied to everyone (better than hypnosis); 3. has positive effect on true recall with no increase in false recall (better than hypnosis).

Method 3 / Ideal Solution · Close your eyes

Just tell witnesses to close their eyes as they are recalling.

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Evidence of Success · "Close your eyes" is the best method

Improve true recall to similar degree as cognitive interview. Everyone can use this technique, unlike hypnosis. Doesn't require any specialized training, unlike cognitive interview.

Passage Style

Problem-analysis

Single position

The author would be most ██████ ██ █████ ████ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ███████████

There is reason ██ █████ ████ ███ █████████ █████████ ██ ████ █████████ ██ ██████ ████████████ ███████ ████ ███ ██████████ █████████ ██ ███ █████████

Supported, because the author mentions the possibility of deviating from training procedures as part of explaining one “problem associated with the cognitive interview.” This shows the author thinks deviating from procedures is something that might decrease the effectiveness of the cognitive interview.

77%

An interviewer's success ██ █████████ ████████ ███████████ ████ █ ███████ ███████ ███████ ████ ███ █████████████ ███████ ██ █████████ █ ███████ ████ ███ ████████

The author never suggests that succes at getting information depends “largely” on rapport. Perhaps rapport is one factor, but we don’t know that it is a large or prominent factor.

Though it suffers ████ ███████████ ██████████ ████████ ████████████ ███ ██ █████████ ████ █████ █████████████ ████████████ ██████████ ██ ████ ███ █████████ ███ ████████ ███████████ ██ █████████

The author doesn’t indicate that hypnotic interviewing requires “no” training. The training it involves might be less complex than that for cognitive interviewing, but this doesn’t imply there’s “no” training.

When interviewing witnesses, ██████ ████████████ ███ ████ ██ ███ █████████ ██████████ █████████ ██ ███████ ███ ███████ ███████████ ██ ██████ ██ ████████ ██ ███████

The author doesn’t suggest that anyone “needs” to use different techniques for visual or auditory info.

An increase in ███ ██████████ ██ ██ █████████ █████████ ████ ███████ ██████ ██ █ ████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██ ███ ███████████ █████████

The author doesn’t indicate that higher complexity “usually” implies less reliability. In fact, the most complex technique mentioned, the cognitive interview, does not decrease overall accuracy.

PrepTest 150 - Section 1 - Passage 2 - Question 9

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