PrepTest 154 - Section 4 - Question 7 | Explanation & Discussion

SECTION 1 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

SECTION 2 · lr

SECTION 3 · rc

PASSAGE 1

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6

PASSAGE 2

Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13

PASSAGE 3

Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20

PASSAGE 4

Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27

SECTION 4 · lr

Method of Reasoning

The argument identifies an effective treatment for a condition (applying copper treats late blight), and concludes that the condition must be caused by the absence of what the treatment provides (copper deficiency).

(A) would be right if it concluded "cancer must be caused by a deficiency of radiation." That version is actually my favorite for highlighting the flaw because it's so ludicrous.

But (A) doesn't say that, it says "more radiation will be more effective," which just doesnt' match our stimulus' conclusion.

(B) swaps the stimulus' premise and conclusion. See since and it follows that as premise and conclusion indicators.

Among other things, (C) swaps the stimulus' premise and conclusion. It features a premise about what causes the problem (malnutrition causes health problems, and a conclusion about the solution to the problem (eat a lot, get healthy).

(D) mirrors the stimulus. It identifies an effective treatment for a condition (paracemetol treats headaches), and concludes that the condition must be caused by the absence of what the treatment provides (lack of paracemetol).

(E) should die when it starts with a premise (instead of a conclusion) about what causes a problem (calcium deficiency causes brown spots).

PrepTest 154 - Section 4 - Question 7

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