PT104.S3.P2.Q12

PrepTest 104 - Section 3 - Passage 2 - Question 12

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P1

Personal names are generally regarded by European thinkers in two major ways, both of which deny that names have any significant semantic content. ███

Perspective · European view
Personal names lack semantic content
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Mill and Lévi-Strauss · Two European perspectives
Mill sees names as meaningless identifiers; Lévi-Strauss sees names as social markers.
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Critique · Mill and Lévi-Strauss' views neglect how names work in some societies
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Illustration of Critique · Hopi names have semantic content
Hopi names do more than what Mill or Lévi-Strauss suggest; can refer to events and be poetic
P2

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Develop Illustration · How Hopi names work
They place individuals within society through connection to rituals; confer individual identity; combine individual and clan characteristics
P3

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Further Develop Illustration · Hopi names are usually even more complex
Literal translation not enough to understand the name. Requires contextual knowledge. Names can indirectly refer to important events.
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Similarity · Hopi name poetic like Western Apache place names
P4

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Critique of Mill and Lévi-Strauss · Hopi names defy their claims
Hopi names can be poetic; not just about distinguishing people or signaling status.
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Implication · Knowledge of Hopi culture is key to fully appreciating their names
Passage Style
Critique or debate
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12.

Based on the passage, with █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ██████████ █████ ██████ ████ █████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ████ ██████ ██ ██████

a

Its characterization of ███ ████████ ██ █████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ██ ███████████ ███████████

Supported. Mill’s view is that names don’t have meaning, they only serve to distinguish people. In P4, we see that Hopi names do serve this purpose— they “individuate people”— but they also have meaning. The author would thus likely agree that Mill’s view is too narrow to apply to all names, since it doesn’t fully apply to Hopi names.

78%
b

It would be ███████ ██ ██ ██████████ ███ ███ ██ █████ ██ ███████████ ██ ██████ ███████████████

Unsupported. This suggests that Mill’s view would be correct if it were combined with Lévi-Strauss’s view about social classification. But neither view fully explains the role of Hopi names. They’re both incomplete because they deny that names have semantic content.

1%
c

Its influence single-handedly ███ ████████ ██ ███████ ███ █████ ███ ████ ███████ ███████

Unsupported— too strong. From this sentence, we know that the views of Mill and Lévi-Strauss have led people to neglect the functions and meanings of names in other societies. But the author never suggests that Mill’s view single-handedly caused this.

6%
d

It is more ████████ ████ ███████████████ ████████████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ██████

Unsupported. The author never suggests that Mill’s view is more accurate than Lévi-Strauss's view. Hopi names serve the purposes described in both views, but neither is completely accurate, since they both deny that names have significant semantic content.

2%
e

It is less ████████ ████ ███████████████ ████████████████ ██ █████████████ ████ ██████ ██████████

Unsupported. The author never suggests that Mill’s view is less relevant than Lévi-Strauss's view. Both views fail to adequately explain the role of Hopi personal names, since both views deny that names have significant semantic content.

13%

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