Self-study
P1
In 1963, a three-week-long demonstration for jobs at the construction site of the Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York, became one of the most significant and widely publicized campaigns of the civil rights movement in the United States. ███
Intro topic ·
Demonstration for jobs at Downstate Medical Center
One of the most important and widely publicized campaigns in U.S. civil rights movement.
Details of demonstration ·
Led by African American ministers, supported by church congregations
Goal of demonstration ·
Force changes in government policies and trade union practices that excluded African Americans from construction jobs
P2
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Origin of demonstration ·
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) asked ministers to lead campaign
Risks to ministers ·
Ministers were politically moderate and embedded within major political parties and political offices
Leading a demonstration could damage ministers' political caraeers and reputation for effecting change through more established channels.
P3
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Impact of demonstration ·
Agreement to enforce existing antidiscrimination laws; drew public attention to construction discrimination; served as model for future protests by ministers
Some activists wanted more -- new laws or commitment to specific number of jobs for African Americans. But seems author's assessment is that demonstration was successful.
Passage Style
Single position
Spotlight
2.
Which one of the following ██████████ █████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ████████ ████ ███ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ ████████
a
It achieved all ██ ███ █████████████ █████ ███ ███████ ██ █████ ██████ ███ ███ ███ ██ ███ █████████████ █████ ███ ██████████ ███████
The campaign did not achieve “all” of the participants’ goals for union policy. The protestors wanted new legislation or a commitment to a specific numerical increase in jobs for African Americans; this was not achieved.
b
It directly achieved ███████ ███ ██ ███ █████████████ █████ ███ ██████████ ██████ ███ ███ ██ ███ █████████████ █████ ███ ███████ ██ █████ ██████ █████████
This is supported, because the participants wanted new legislation and a commitment to a specific numerical increase in jobs for African Americans. But neither of these were achieved as part of the Downstate campaign.
c
It achieved all ██ ███ █████████████ █████ ███ ███████ ██ ██████████ █████████ ███ ███ ███ ███████ ███ ██ ███ █████████████ █████ ███ █████ ██████████ ██ ██████ █████████
The campaign did not achieve “all” of the participants’ goals for government policies. The protestors wanted new legislation or a commitment to a specific numerical increase in jobs for African Americans; this was not achieved.
d
It achieved all ██ ███ ██████████ █████ ███ ██████████ ██████ ████████████ ███ ████ █████████ ████████ ████ ██ ███ █████████████ ███████ ███████ ██ ██████ ████████
The campaign did not achieve “all” of the participants’ goals for government policies. The protestors wanted new legislation or a commitment to a specific numerical increase in jobs for African Americans; this was not achieved.
e
It eventually achieved ███ ██ ███ █████████████ ██████████ █████ ███ ████ ██████████ ██████ ███ █████████████ ██ █████ ██████ █████████ ███ ████ █████ ████████ ██████ ███ ███████████ █████
The campaign did not achieve “all” of the participants’ goals for government policies or union hiring. The protestors wanted new legislation or a commitment to a specific numerical increase in jobs for African Americans; this was not achieved.