Duke > Requirements

All writing samples must be your own work. This means that the ideas and expressions originated with you, and you wrote all drafts and the final product without the assistance of generative artificial intelligence. It does not preclude asking family members, friends, pre-law advisors, and others for proofreading assistance or general feedback.

Short Answer Essay(s) (required): Our admissions process is guided by the view that a law school class that includes actively engaged students who possess a variety of skills, personal qualities, and life experiences helps to advance the Law School's mission, improves the learning process, and enriches the educational experience for all. Please write one or two short essays from the list below. Be sure to label the essay(s) you are answering and use only one attachment even if you submit two short answers. Please limit your answer(s) to 250-500 words per essay.

What does the rule of law mean to you, and what special background or experience do you have that may help you contribute to its advancement or that underscores its importance to you personally?
The promise of equal justice is fundamental to our legal system. Why is equal justice important to you personally, and what personal experiences or knowledge do you have that may help you become an effective advocate for equal justice under law?
Exposure to a diversity of perspectives and experiences can enhance one's ability to deliver effective professional services. Please describe any opportunities you have had to serve clients or your community, either through work or on a volunteer basis, and how your own exposure to different perspectives and experiences helped you.
Lawyers are members of a learned profession, and are often called to serve the public in a variety of ways. Please describe your interest in public service and any experience that you have had to prepare you for a life of service in the public interest.
Please describe your interest in learning the law in an open, rigorous, and collaborative environment. Why is a commitment to the free expression of ideas so important in the learning process?
What does ethical leadership mean to you? Please provide examples of how you have prepared yourself to become an ethical leader.

Duke Law requires that you reveal knowledge of all disciplinary charges, arrests, criminal charges, or criminal convictions (except arrests, criminal charges or criminal convictions that have been expunged from your record). When in doubt, err on the side of full disclosure as subsequent discovery of a failure to fully, and accurately, answer these questions may have serious consequences. You have an ongoing obligation to report any conduct that would require you to answer "Yes" to any of the questions in this section during the pendency of your application. If you are admitted, the obligation to report conduct applicable to the questions in this section continues until your first day of class at Duke Law School.

1. Have you ever been placed on academic probation or received a warning at any post-secondary school, college, university, professional school, or law school for poor academic performance, underenrollment, or other reasons related to satisfactory academic progress? (This question does not pertain to sanctions for academic integrity or honor code issues such as cheating or plagiarism, or violations of a student code of conduct. Such issues should be disclosed in Question 2 and will require a letter from the school.)

Have you ever been warned, dropped, suspended, placed on disciplinary probation, disciplined, expelled, requested or advised to resign from any post-secondary school, college, university, professional school, or law school?
Have you ever (i) been arrested, charged or cited for a crime or (ii) been convicted of any offense other than a minor traffic violation? You are not required to report any matter that has been expunged by a court of law.

In addition to a bar examination, there are character, fitness, and other qualifications for admission to the bar in every U.S. jurisdiction. Applicants are encouraged to determine the requirements for any jurisdiction in which they intend to seek admission by contacting the jurisdiction. Addresses for all relevant agencies are available through the National Conference of Bar Examiners.

2026 FIRST-YEAR JD APPLICATION

Use this application for first-year Early and Regular Decision cycles for the JD and dual degree programs.

DEGREE OPTIONS

In addition to the three-year JD program, you may also use this application to apply for the following dual degrees.

JD/LLM in International and Comparative Law - No additional requirements; however, we encourage you to address your interest in international and comparative law either in your personal statement or the JD/LLM or JD/LLMLE attachment.

JD/LLMLE in Law and Entrepreneurship - No additional requirements; however, we encourage you to address your interest in law and entrepreneurship either in your personal statement or the JD/LLM or JD/LLMLE attachment.

You are required to submit a separate application when applying to the dual degree programs listed below. Contact the Duke graduate or professional school for application and admissions requirements. The applications will be reviewed independently by each school and you will be notified of the decisions separately. Admission to one program does not guarantee admission to the other. Do not select one of these programs on the application if you are not applying concurrently to both Duke schools or are not already enrolled in the other program.

JD/MBA - Requires separate application to Duke Fuqua School of Business
JD/MD - Requires separate application to Duke School of Medicine
JD/MEM - Requires separate application to Duke Nicholas School of the Environment
JD/MPP - Requires separate application to Duke Sanford School of Public Policy
JD/MTS - Requires separate application to Duke Divinity School

APPLICATION CHECKLIST

To be eligible for admission, you must receive a bachelor's degree from an accredited institution prior to enrollment at the Law School. A complete application consists of the following elements.

Submitted through the LSAC electronic application

JD application
$85 non-refundable application processing fee
Resume
Personal statement
Short answer essays
Optional essays

Submitted through the LSAC Credential Assembly Service (CAS) Report

We will request your CAS Report from LSAC shortly after we receive your application.

Academic transcripts
Two required recommendation letters (LSAC will not release the CAS report until a minimum of two letters are included)

Standardized test

LSAT (included in the CAS report)
or
GRE (received from ETS)

Additional material that may be required

Character and fitness information: If you answer "Yes" to any of the character and fitness questions, you must provide additional information. A letter from the school is also required if you have school-related conduct sanctions.
Letter from previous law school, if you have previously been enrolled in a JD program.
InitialView interview or TOEFL, if your native language is not English and your undergraduate degree was not taught in English.

You will be notified by email once your application has been received. The email will include instructions on how to monitor your file status online. Incomplete files will be reviewed later in the cycle and final decisions will be rendered based on the material received at that time.

If you wish to send additional material after submitting the application, you may forward it to the Office of Admissions by email. Include your full name and LSAC account number for identification purposes. If the material is lengthy (for instance, an academic paper), it would be more beneficial to submit a brief summary than the entire document.

GENERAL INFORMATION

Application Review

The application review process includes a thorough evaluation of a candidate's academic record, including the rigor and breadth of the curriculum, overall grade trends, any graduate level work, and test scores. Duke Law School seeks to identify applicants who demonstrate leadership and engagement. Most successful candidates show sustained and meaningful commitment to one or more fields of interest to them. Although many applicants have had some exposure to the legal profession, this is not in itself a requirement. The Law School benefits from a student body that represents a broad range of experiences and interests. It is often helpful to indicate reasons for interest in law school in general and Duke in particular, especially when they relate to an applicant's specific experiences.

Applications are submitted for review by the date of their completion; however, there is no strict timeline for when decisions will be made. We encourage you to apply as early as you can without compromising the overall strength of your application. Most offers of admission are typically made prior to March 1, and all decisions are completed by the end of April. All admission decisions will be sent by email.

Application Deadline

Please note that it can take several days/weeks to receive all of the required material in order to complete the file.

November 7, 2025 - Round I Early Decision complete deadline.

January 2, 2026 - Round II Early Decision complete deadline.

February 13, 2026 - Regular Decision submit deadline. We will continue to accept applications after the deadline if space is available.

Binding Early Decision Option

Highly interested candidates may choose to apply through one of two binding Early Decision (ED) rounds. The ED option is most appropriate if you have concluded that Duke is your first choice for law school and you do not anticipate the need to compare offers of financial aid in making a decision about where to matriculate. If you apply through the ED program, you may apply to other law schools through their regular decision process, but you may not have more than one binding ED application pending simultaneously. If you have already submitted an ED application to another law school, you may apply through Duke's ED program only if you are released from the binding commitment at the other school. If admitted to Duke Law School through the ED program, you will be required to immediately withdraw your applications at other law schools, refrain from submitting new applications, and submit a non-refundable $500 tuition deposit no later than ten days after the admission notification.

To be eligible for ED Round I, applications must be complete no later than November 7, 2025 and candidates will be notified about their status no later than December 31. To be eligible for ED Round II, applications must be complete no later than January 2, 2026 and candidates will be notified no later than January 31. Plan ahead if you intend to apply for the ED cycle. It can take several days or weeks to receive all of the required material to complete your file after you submit the application through LSAC. All material to be considered during the review process must be received no later than the deadline to complete the file.

Application Fee Waivers

Application fee waivers are offered one-time-only. Submit your request no later than 3:00 p.m. Eastern Time on February 13, 2026. We are unable to waive LSAC fees.

Based on LSAC fee waiver - Submit your request by email to the Office of Admissions. Include your full name, LSAC account number, and attach documentation that identifies you as the recipient of a valid LSAC fee waiver.

CRS-based: We extend fee waivers based on the results of periodic searches of LSAC's Candidate Referral Service (CRS). To be considered in the pool, be sure your CRS account is active, your intended enrollment year is set correctly, you have either a self-reported or LSAC-calculated GPA, and LSAT score.

Need-based: Submit the completed Fee Waiver form as an email attachment to the Office of Admissions. Include your full name and LSAC account number.

Service-based (military, Teach for America, Peace Corps, or AmeriCorps): Submit your request by email to the Office of Admissions. Include your full name, LSAC account number, and attach documentation that identifies your military, Teach for America, Peace Corps, or AmeriCorps affiliation.

Resume (required)

Your resume should include your significant work experience, educational history, college and community activities, honors and awards you have received, and dates for all items listed. Your resume does not need to be limited to one page.

Essays

All writing samples must be your own work. This means that the ideas and expressions originated with you, and you wrote all drafts and the final product without the assistance of generative artificial intelligence. It does not preclude asking family members, friends, pre-law advisors, and others for proofreading assistance or general feedback.

The essays are an important way that we get to know you as an individual. While we are, of course, interested in the factors that have led you to pursue legal education and hope that you will address them as part of your application, we also value students with a wide range of experiences, backgrounds, and interests that may not be directly related to their legal ambitions. We hope that the variety of opportunities for writing in our application will allow you to tell us about who you are in a broad sense. We encourage you to review all the required and optional essays as a whole, and consider how you can highlight different elements of yourself so that we get a full picture of who you are.

Personal Statement (required): The personal statement is your opportunity to introduce yourself to the admissions committee and should include what you think have been your most significant personal experiences beyond what may be reflected in your academic transcripts and on your resume. You might choose to address your interest in legal studies and a career as a lawyer here, or you might do so in the optional Duke Essay #1. Please use 2-3 pages, double-spaced, for your personal statement.

Short Answer Essays (required): Our admissions process is guided by the view that a law school class that includes actively engaged students who possess a variety of skills, personal qualities, and life experiences helps to advance the Law School's mission, improves the learning process, and enriches the educational experience for all. Please write one or two short essays from the list below. Be sure to label the essay(s) you are answering and use only one attachment even if you submit two short answers. Please limit your answer(s) to 250-500 words per essay.

What does the rule of law mean to you, and what special background or experience do you have that may help you contribute to its advancement or that underscores its importance to you personally?
The promise of equal justice is fundamental to our legal system. Why is equal justice important to you personally, and what personal experiences or knowledge do you have that may help you become an effective advocate for equal justice under law?
Exposure to a diversity of perspectives and experiences can enhance one's ability to deliver effective professional services. Please describe any opportunities you have had to serve clients or your community, either through work or on a volunteer basis, and how your own exposure to different perspectives and experiences helped you.
Lawyers are members of a learned profession, and are often called to serve the public in a variety of ways. Please describe your interest in public service and any experience that you have had to prepare you for a life of service in the public interest.
Please describe your interest in learning the law in an open, rigorous, and collaborative environment. Why is a commitment to the free expression of ideas so important in the learning process?
What does ethical leadership mean to you? Please provide examples of how you have prepared yourself to become an ethical leader.

Duke Essay #1 (optional): You may submit an essay providing additional information about why you have chosen to apply to law school in general and Duke in particular. We are interested in the factors that have prompted your interest in a legal career and the ways in which you think Duke can further that interest. If you have already addressed the reasons for your general interest in legal studies in your personal statement, it is not necessary to repeat that here; you may concentrate on the specific opportunities at Duke related to that interest. Please use 1-2 pages, double-spaced, for this optional essay.

Duke Essay #2 (optional): Our application process is designed to learn about you from multiple perspectives to better understand the unique and distinctive qualities you would bring to our community. Ideally, we would conduct personal interviews with each candidate to probe these questions. Since we are unable to offer interviews due to the large application volume, you are invited to write a short essay that tells us what you would hope to share if you were meeting with us on campus that we have not already learned elsewhere in your application. Please use one page, double-spaced, for this optional essay.

Recommendation Letters

Two recommendation letters are required and must be submitted through the LSAC Letter of Recommendation Service, which is included in your LSAC CAS registration. Unless you have been out of school for some time, at least one letter should come from an academic instructor who has personal knowledge of your performance and potential. A second letter should come from someone who can address your professional and work-related accomplishments, interpersonal skills, leadership, and involvement, such as a supervisor or advisor from a job, internship, or student organization. Additional letters from either source may also be submitted. If you have been out of school for long enough that an academic reference is not available, you may submit an employment letter in its place. LSAC will accept up to four generic or school-specific letters. Letters from friends, family friends, and relatives are discouraged.

Standardized Testing

All applicants must take the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) or the Graduate Record Examination (GRE). Duke Law School does not prefer one test over the other, and either will be given equal consideration as part of a holistic review of the application. The only circumstance where your file will be evaluated without the LSAT score is if you have only taken the GRE and do not plan to take the LSAT. If a decision is made based on a GRE score-only and an LSAT score is subsequently received, your file will be reevaluated, and we reserve the right to change the initial decision based on the additional information.

Select a test date that provides sufficient time for thorough preparation, preferably so the score will be available by the application deadline. Duke considers all test scores that are received in the context of the entire application (transcripts, personal statement, letters of recommendation, evidence of leadership and engagement, and other information). If you feel that one or more of your test scores does not accurately reflect your ability or potential, use the Miscellaneous Addendum attachment to explain this disparity. All valid scores must be reported. We are unable to accept self-reported scores.

LSAT - All valid LSAT scores will be included in the LSAC CAS report. You may submit the application prior to taking (or retaking) the LSAT. If you are planning to retake the LSAT, and you would like to have your file placed on hold to await the new score, select the test date in Section 8. If you decide to retake the LSAT after you submit the application, notify the Office of Admissions to place your file on hold for the new score. An automatic hold will not be placed on your file if you register with LSAC for a future test.

GRE - Contact the Educational Testing Service (ETS) for GRE registration and information. Request all valid scores be sent to Duke University School of Law - institution code 4916. We do not receive scores sent to other Duke University codes. The LSAT-requirement setting for the LSAC CAS report will change automatically if you indicate on the application in Section 8 that you will submit the GRE only.

Academic Transcripts

Transcripts for all undergraduate and graduate work must be submitted to LSAC CAS. Questions about transcripts can be directed to LSAC.

International Transcripts - Transcripts must be submitted through the LSAC CAS if you received your degree from an institution outside the U.S. or Canada, or if you completed the equivalent of more than one year of undergraduate study outside the U.S. (including its territories) or Canada. An International Credential Evaluation will be completed by the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers (AACRAO), which will be incorporated into your LSAC CAS report. Log in to your online account and follow the instructions for registering for the service. Be sure to print out a Transcript Request Form for each institution and send it to them promptly. Additional time may be required for LSAC to receive and process international transcripts.

Character and Fitness

Duke Law requires that you reveal knowledge of all disciplinary charges, arrests, criminal charges, or criminal convictions (except arrests, criminal charges or criminal convictions that have been expunged from your record). When in doubt, err on the side of full disclosure as subsequent discovery of a failure to fully, and accurately, answer these questions may have serious consequences. You have an ongoing obligation to report any conduct that would require you to answer "Yes" to any of the questions in this section during the pendency of your application. If you are admitted, the obligation to report conduct applicable to the questions in this section continues until your first day of class at Duke Law School.

If you answer "Yes" to any questions in the Character and Fitness section, you will be required to provide an explanation. Include details, the status of any disciplinary action or judicial sanctions, and the final resolution of the issues involved.

In addition, if you answer "Yes" to the school-related conduct question (Section 13, question 2), you will be required to have the dean, registrar, department supervisor, judicial officer, or academic officer with access to official records from your institution submit a letter directly to the Office of Admissions providing complete information about the incident. If your institution has no record of any disciplinary action, have them submit a letter indicating so.

International Applicants - InitialView Interview or TOEFL

If you are not a U.S. citizen, your native language is not English, and your undergraduate degree was not taught in English, you will be required to participate in an InitialView interview or have your Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) score submitted to LSAC by the Educational Testing Service (ETS). International applicants with graduate degrees in the U.S. must also satisfy this requirement. We strongly recommend international applicants participate in the interview.

InitialView: Contact InitialView to schedule your interview session. Since many international students come from educational systems that are different from that of the U.S., we find it valuable to be able to view an unscripted interview where applicants may discuss their unique backgrounds and goals. InitialView will conduct the interview and notify our office once the recording is available.

TOEFL: Request ETS to submit your TOEFL score to LSAC - institution code 8395. The score will be included in the LSAC CAS report.

International Students and Visa Applications

Admitted applicants who are not U.S. citizens or permanent residents will receive information, after submitting the enrollment material, about applying for a Duke-sponsored F-1 visa. International students will be required to submit copies of their passport, previous visa documents, and proof of financial support.

Previous Law School Matriculation

If you attended the JD program at another law school, you must include an addendum to explain why you did not complete the program. You are also required to have your previous law school submit a letter to the Office of Admissions indicating your dates of attendance, reason for withdrawal, and academic standing.

Reapplication

To reapply, you must submit a new application and update all supporting material. Include the year for which you last sought admission in Section 7. You will also be required to reassign letters through the LSAC Letter of Recommendation Service. Reviewers may not have access to your prior application materials, so please be sure that all information you would like considered is included in the current application. Essays and other supporting material from the previous application may be used again, but this is a good chance to assess whether you would like to change anything about the way you present your experiences and interests.

Bar Admission

In addition to a bar examination, there are character, fitness, and other qualifications for admission to the bar in every U.S. jurisdiction. Applicants are encouraged to determine the requirements for any jurisdiction in which they intend to seek admission by contacting the jurisdiction. Addresses for all relevant agencies are available through the National Conference of Bar Examiners. For additional information, visit americanbar.org/groups/legal_education/resources/bar_admissions.html.

Non-Discrimination Policy

Duke University is committed to encouraging and sustaining a learning and work community that is free from prohibited discrimination and harassment. Visit Duke University's Office of Institutional Equity to learn more and review the full policy.

How to Contact Us

Office of Admissions
Duke University School of Law
210 Science Drive
Duke Box 90393
Durham NC 27708-0393
Phone: 919-613-7020
E-mail: admissions@law.duke.eduWeb: law.duke.edu/apply/jd

Application requirements

Confirm action