Self-study
P1
Personal names are generally regarded by European thinkers in two major ways, both of which deny that names have any significant semantic content. ███
Perspective ·
European view
Personal names lack semantic content
Mill and Lévi-Strauss ·
Two European perspectives
Mill sees names as meaningless identifiers; Lévi-Strauss sees names as social markers.
Critique ·
Mill and Lévi-Strauss' views neglect how names work in some societies
Illustration of Critique ·
Hopi names have semantic content
Hopi names do more than what Mill or Lévi-Strauss suggest; can refer to events and be poetic
P2
██████████ █████ █████ ███████ ███████ █████ ██ █ ████████ ██ ██████ ████████████ ██████ █████ ████ ███ ██ ███ ██████ █████████ ██████ ██████████ ███ ███████ ███ █████ ███ ███████████ ██████████ █████ ███ █████████ ██ ██ █████ ██████ ██ █ ████ █████ ████ ███ ███████ █████ ███ █████ █████ ██ ████ ████ ███████ █████ █████████ █████████ ███████████████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ██████ ████ ███ ███████ ████████████████ █████ █ ████ █████ █████████ ██ █████████ ██ ██████ ██ ███████ ████████ █████ ████████ ████ ███ ███████ ████ ███ ███ ██████████████ ███████
Develop Illustration ·
How Hopi names work
They place individuals within society through connection to rituals; confer individual identity; combine individual and clan characteristics
P3
████ ██████ ███████ ███ ████ █████ ███ ██ ████ █ ████████ █████ ████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ █ ██████ ███████ ████████████ ███ ██████ ████ ██████ ████ ███ ███████ ██ ██████ ██ █████ ██████████ ████████████ ██████████ ████ ████████████ ████████ █████ ███████ █████ ██████ ███ █████ ████████ ████████ ██ ████ █████████████ ███ ████ ███████ █████ ███ ████ █████ ██ ████ ████ ██ ████ ██████ █████ ██████ ████ ██ ███████████ ███ ██ ██████ ████████ █████████ █ ██████████ ██ █████ ██████ ███████████████ ██ ███████ █████ ███ ████ ██ █████ ██████ █████ █████████ ███ ████ ███████ ████ ███████████ ████ ███ ██████████ ████ ████████ ████████████ █████████ ██████ ██ ███ ████████ ██████ ███ █████████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ █████ ███
Further Develop Illustration ·
Hopi names are usually even more complex
Literal translation not enough to understand the name. Requires contextual knowledge. Names can indirectly refer to important events.
Similarity ·
Hopi name poetic like Western Apache place names
P4
████ ████████ █████ ██ ███████ ██████ ███████████████ ████ ████████ ██████ ███████████████████ ████ ████████████████ ████ ███████████ ████████ ███████ ██████████ ███████ ██ █████ ██████ ████████ ██ █ █████ ████ ███ ██ ██████████ ██ ████ █████ ████ ███████ █████████ ████████ ████ ████ ██ ████ █████ ██ ████ ███████ ███ ████ ██ ██████ █████ ████ ████████ █████ ███ ███████ ████████ ███████ ███ ████ ██ ███████████████ ██████ ██████████ █████████████████ ███
Critique of Mill and Lévi-Strauss ·
Hopi names defy their claims
Hopi names can be poetic; not just about distinguishing people or signaling status.
Implication ·
Knowledge of Hopi culture is key to fully appreciating their names
Passage Style
Critique or debate
10.
Which one of the following ██████████ █████████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ████████ ████████ ██ ████████ █████ █████ ███████████████ █████
a
Some parents select █████ ██████████ █████ ████ ██████████ ███████ ████ ██ ██████
Anti-supported. Lévi-Strauss said that the function of names is to identify a person’s social classification. A name found in an impersonal book doesn’t reveal anything about a person’s social status.
b
Some parents wait ██ ████ █ █████ █ ████ ██ █████ ██ ██████ ███ ████ ████████ ███ ███████ █████ ██ ████████████
Anti-supported. Lévi-Strauss said that the function of names is to identify a person’s social classification. (B) describes a name that might reveal someone’s physical traits or personality traits, but not one that reveals a person’s social status.
c
Some parents name █████ ████████ ██ █████ ██ ███████ ██ ██████ ███████
Anti-supported. Lévi-Strauss said that the function of names is to identify a person’s social classification. Naming a child after a friend or celebrity doesn’t reveal anything about the child’s own social status.
d
Some family members ████ ██ █████ ██ █████ █████ ██ ███████
Unsupported. Lévi-Strauss said that the function of names is to identify a person’s social classification. Whether certain family members have names in common may or may not reveal anything about one’s social status.
e
Some family names ██████████ ██ ███████████████ ██ █████ ████████ ████████████
Supported. Lévi-Strauss said that the function of names is to identify a person’s social classification. Family names originally based on a family’s occupation are an example of this function, since an occupation can indicate social classification.