Self-study
P1
In studying the autobiographies of Native Americans, most scholars have focused on as-told-to life histories that were solicited, translated, recorded, and edited by non-Native American collaborators—that emerged from .
Traditional approach to Native American autobiographies ·
Focused on histories translated, recorded, edited, by non-NA people
Limits of traditional approach ·
Overlooks non-written communications and fact that some NA didn't share European concept of self, life and writing
P2
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Differences in idea of self ·
NA identity involves relation to society and broader world
So, NA expressions of life experiences are more fragmented than European expressions.
Difference in mode of expression ·
NA used oral communication, dance, and drama; not just writing
P3
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Examples of autobiographical expressions ·
Tattoos, artifacts, painted tepee
These all can symbolize life experiences and desires.
P4
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Other influences on autobiographical narrative ·
Tribal participation in expression, European shaping of NA autobiography
Tribes contributed to some autobriographical expressions (like painting of a tepee). And, Europeans who recorded NA autobiographies may have shaped the narrative based on own cultural perspective.
Passage Style
Single position
17.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████████ ██ ███ █████ █████████ ██████ ███ ███████ ██ █ ██████
a
to refute traditional ███████████████ ██ ███████ █████████
The author doesn’t refute any other interpretation of certain artifacts. The author simply brings up her own interpretation of artifacts.
b
to present evidence ████ ██████████ █ ██████
The author isn’t criticizing someone else’s theory in P3; she’s simply supporting her own theory that Native Americans make autobiographies.
c
to provide examples ████ ███████ ██ ████████
This best captures the author’s purpose, which is to show that Native Americans make autobiographies. P3 provides examples of elements in Native American life and culture that are autobiographical.
d
to contrast several █████████ █████ ██ ██████████
The purpose isn’t about contrasting kinds of expression; it’s about supporting the author’s view that Native Americans make autobiographies. All of the different modes of expression identified in P3 are mentioned to support that view.
e
to enumerate specific █████████ ██ █████ █ ██████████ ████████
The purpose isn’t about listing instances in which something recurred; it’s about supporting the author’s view that Native Americans make autobiographies. P3 doesn’t contain a list of recurring tattoos or artifacts.