Australia has considerably fewer species of carnivorous mammals than any other continent does but about as many carnivorous reptile species as other continents do. ████ ██ ████████ █ ███████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████████ ██ ███████████ ███████████ ██ ████████ ███████████ ███████ ████ ███ ████ ████ ████ ███████████ ████████ ████ ███ ████ ███████████ ███████ ███ ██ █ ████████████ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ █████ ██ ██████████ ██████ █████
The sparseness of Australia’s ecosystems explains why it has the fewest species of carnivorous mammals but an average number of carnivorous reptile species. How? Scarce resources present carnivorous mammals with a disadvantage that carnivorous reptiles don’t face.
The conclusion is a causal explanation for the carnivorous species difference: “This is probably a consequence of the unusual sparseness of Australia's ecosystems.”
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████ ██████████ ██ ███ █████████
Australia has considerably █████ ███████ ██ ███████████ ███████ ████ ███ █████ █████████ ████ ███ █████ ██ ████ ███████████ ███████ ███████ ██ █████ ██████████ ███
This is the phenomenon that the argument attempts to explain. It’s context, setting up the argument.
In ecosystems in █████ █████ ██ ██████████ ██████ ████ ███████████ ███████ ███ ██ █ ████████████ ████████ ██ ███████████ █████████
This is premise. It provides support for why a sparse ecosystem explains the phenomenon: Because of a disadvantage faced by carnivorous mammals but not reptiles, there’s a difference in species quantity between them.
The unusual sparseness ██ ███████████ ██████████ ██ ████████ ███ ██████ █████████ ███ ████████████ █████ ███████████ ██████ ███████ ████ █████ ██████████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ████ ███████████ ███████ ████████
This rephrases the main conclusion. The sparse ecosystem explains the species disparity.
The reason that ███████████ ███████ ███ ██ █ ████████████ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ █████ ██ ██████████ ██████ ████ ██ ████ ████ ████ ███ ████ ████ ██ █████ ██ ███████ ████ ███████████ ████████ ████ ███
This is an extension of the premise used in (B). This helps explain why (B) is true, but both (B) and (D) serve to support the conclusion that a sparse ecosystem explains the phenomenon.
Because Australia's ecosystems ███ █████████ ███████ ███████████ ███████ █████ ███ ██ █ ████████████ ████████ ██ ███████████ █████████
This is premise. The author does claim that sparseness leads to disadvantage, but she uses sparseness and the resulting disadvantage to ultimately explain a difference in species quantity.
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