Self-study
Climatologist: The waters off the Pacific coast of North America have warmed about 4 degrees over the past 15 years. ████ ██████████ █████ ████ ████ █████ ██ █ ███████ ██ █ ████ ████████ ██████ ███████ ██████ ██ ███████████████ ███ ██████████ ████████ ████ ██████████ ██ ███ ████ ██████████████ ██ █████ ████ █████ ███ ████ ███████ ██████ ██ █████ ███████████ ███████ ████ ████ ██ █████ ██ █████
Summarize Argument: Counter-Position
Some scientists think that warming off the Pacific Coast of North America is due to global warming from human-generated air pollution. The author concludes that this belief is not supported. This is because there are many natural (non-human-generated) cycles of ocean temperature changes. The author is suggesting that because the warming might be explained by these natural cycles, we cannot conclude that it is due to global warming from human-generated air pollution.
Identify Conclusion
The conclusion is the author’s assessment of the lack of support for the view that the warming off the Pacific coast is due to global warming from human-generated air pollution: “[T]his conclusion is far from justified.”
8.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████ ██████████ █████ ██ ███ ███████████████ █████████
a
Some scientists have █████ ████████ ████ ███ ██████ ███ ███ ███████ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ████ █████ █████████████ ██████ ████ ███ ████ ██ ██████
This is context. Some scientists propose a hypothesis for this warming. The author says that hypothesis is not justified.
b
The warming of ███ ██████ ███ ███ ███████ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ██ ███ █ ███████ ██ █ ████ ████████ ██████ ███████ ██████ ██ ███████████████ ███ ██████████
This goes too far. The author just says the belief that it is caused by global warming from human-generated air pollution is not justified. That doesn’t mean the author thinks it’s not the cause.
c
The conclusion that ███ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ███ ███ ███████ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ██ █ ███████ ██ █ ████ ████████ ██████ ███████ ██████ ██ ███████████████ ███ █████████ ██ ███ ████ ██████████
This is a paraphrase of the conclusion.
d
The warming of ███ ██████ ███ ███ ███████ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ███ ██ ███ ██████ ██ █ ███████ █████ ██ █████ ███████████ ████████
This is part of the author’s support. Because the warming of the waters might be due to natural cycles, the author concludes that the belief the warming is caused by human-generated air pollution is not justified.
e
If the warming ██ ███ ██████ ███ ███ ███████ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ██ ███ ██ █ ███████ █████ ██ █████ ███████████ ████████ ████ ██ ██ ███ █ ███████ ██ █ ████ ████████ ██████ ███████ ██████ ██ ███████████████ ███ ██████████
This is an assumption underlying the author’s argument. Because the warming of the waters might be due to natural cycles, the author concludes that the belief the warming is caused by human-generated air pollution is not justified.