Self-study
In the past, infants who were not breast-fed were fed cow's milk. ████ ███████ █████ ████████ ████ █████ ████ ███ ██ ███████ ██████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ███████ █████ █████████ ███ ████ ███ ███████ ████████████████ ██████████ ███████████ █████ ██ ████████ ████ ████ ██████ ███ ██████ ████████████ █████ ███ ██ ████████ ████████ █████ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ███████ ██████ ██ ███████ █ ███████████ ██████████ ████████ ████████ ███ ███ ████████ ███████
Summary
In the past, infants who were not fed breast milk were fed cow’s milk. However, once doctors began to recommend boiling the milk to sterilize it, there was a major increase in infants with scurvy, which is caused by vitamin C deficiency. However, breastfed infants did not show any increase in scurvy cases.
Strongly Supported Conclusions
Boiled cow’s milk reduces the amount of vitamin C present in milk.
11.
Which one of the following ██ ████ ████████ █████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██████
a
Boiled cow's milk █████ ████ ███████ █ █████████ ██ ███████ ████ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ████████ █████
There was no difference in scurvy rates between infants fed cow’s milk and breastmilk until doctors recommended boiling cow’s milk. Thus, it is likely that boiling the milk reduced the amount of vitamin C.
b
Infants who consume █████ ████ ████ ███ ███ ████ ██████ ██████████ ████████ ███████████ █████ ████████████████ ███████████
Nothing in the stimulus gives the rate at which infants contract infections. While the stimulus mentions the potential for infections, nothing says they are frequent.
c
Mother's milk can █████ ████████████████ ██████████ ██ ████████
There is no evidence linking breastfed milk and infections in infants anywhere in the stimulus.
d
When doctors advised ████ █████ ████ ███ ██ ███████ ██████ ██ ███████ ████ ███ ███ ████ ████ ██████ ███ ██████ ██ ███████ █ ███████████
The stimulus does not provide any information about what doctors believed about scurvy or vitamin C.
e
When doctors advised ████ █████ ████ ███ ██ ███████ ██████ ██ ███████ ████ ███████ ███ ███ ███████████ █████ ████████
The stimulus does not give any information about what “most” mothers were doing at the time. This is too much of an assumption to make.