Principle: Any person or business knowingly aiding someone's infringement on a copyright is also guilty of copyright infringement.
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Principle:
Knowingly aids someone’s infringement on a copyright → guilty of copyright infringement
Premise:
A customer using Grandview’s kiosk infringed on a copyright by printing photographs whose copyright is held by someone else.
Conclusion:
Grandview is guilty of copyright infringement.
We want to learn that Grandview KNOWINGLY aided the customer’s copyright infringement. All we know right now is that Grandview had a self-service kiosk that allowed the customer to infringe. If we learned, for example, that allowing someone to infringe copyright is equivalent to knowingly aiding that infringement, then we could conclude that Grandview is guilty of copyright infringement.
Which one of the following, ██ ████████ ████ █████ ██ ███████ ███ ███████████ ██ ███ ██████████
The operator of █ ████████ ███ ███ ████ █████ ███████████ ██ █████████ ███ ███ ████████████ ██████████ ██ ██ ███ ██ █████████ ███ ███ ████████████ ███████████
This doesn’t establish that Grandview knowingly aided the customer’s infringement.
The management of █ ████████ ████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ █████████ ██ ██████ ██ ███ ███████████ ███ ███████ ████████ ████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ █████████
This doesn’t establish that Grandview knowingly aided the customer’s infringement. Even if Grandview is obligated to report copyright infringement if it witnesses the infringement, that doesn’t establish Grandview knowingly aided the customer in infringement.
The owner of █ ████████████ ████████ █████ ██████ ████ █ ██████ ████████ █████████ ████ ███████████ ████████ ██████ ███ ██ ███████ ██ ███ █████ ███████ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███████
This doesn’t establish that Grandview knowingly aided the customer’s infringement. Even if Grandview should have posted a notice, that doesn’t establish that it knowingly aided the customer’s infringement.
Owners of self-service ██████████ ██████ ███████ █████ ██████████ ██ █████ ██ ██████ ████ ████ ███ ███ ████ ███ ███████ ██ █████████ █████████
This doesn’t establish that Grandview knowingly aided the customer’s infringement. Even if Grandview should monitor its facilities to prevent infringement, that doesn’t establish that it knowingly aided the customer’s infringement.
A person or ████████ █████████ █ ███████ ████ ███ ██ ████████ ██ ██ ████ ██ ████████ ██ █ █████████ ██████ ██ ██████████ ██ █████████ ███ ███ █████████ █████████ █████ ███ ████████
(E) helps establish that Grandview knowingly aided the customer’s infringement. A self-service kiosk can be expected to be used for infringement; (E) establishs that since Grandview provided the self-service kiosk, it knowingly aided the customer who used the kiosk for copyright infringement.