Many high school students interested in journalism think of journalism careers as involving glamorous international news gathering. ███ ████ ███████████ █████ █████████ █████ █████ ███ ███ ████████████ ████████ ██ █████████ ████ ███ █████ ███████████ █████ ████ ██████ ██████ ██████████ ██████ ████ ████████ ███ ███ ██████████ ██ ██████████ ████ ████ ██ ████ ███ █ ███████ █████████ ████ ███ █ ████████ ███ █ █████ ██████████
High school career counselors should tell students interested in journalism about the lives of normal, local reporters. Why? Most students imagine journalism as a glamorous, high-profile job, but most journalists simply work for local papers.
The author’s argument makes sense on the surface—students have unrealistic expectations about what a career in journalism looks like, so career counselors should give them accurate information about the average journalist—but we aren’t given a rule that proves this conclusion. We don’t have a premise that proves counselors should do anything to correct students’ unrealistic expectations, so that’s what the author is assuming:
School counselors should give students realistic expectations about the careers they want to pursue.
Which one of the following ██████████ ██████ ██ ██████ ████ ████ ██ ███████ ███ █████████ ██████
High school students ███ ████ ██████████████ █████ █ ██████ ██████ ███ ██ ██████████ ██ ██████ ████ ███████
(A) leads to the wrong conclusion. We don’t want the counselors to actively discourage students from being journalists—we just want them to help students have realistic expectations about their careers.
One should not █████████ ██████ ██ ████ ████████████ █████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ████████ █████ ████████ ███████ ██ ████ █████ ██████
Wrong trigger and wrong conclusion. The premises don’t tell us whether counselors want to maximize their students’ chances of happy lives, so we can’t use this conditional statement. We also aren’t trying to prove that counselors should discourage students from being journalists—just that they should temper the students’ expectations.
Students who are ████████ █ ██████ ██████ ██ ██████████ ██ ███ ██ █████ ███ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ███████
(C) hurts the argument by implying that counselors should encourage students to chase glamorous, high-profile journalism jobs.
A career counselor ██████ ███ ██ ████████ ████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ███████████ ████ ███ ████ █████ ███ ██████ ████████████ ██ ████████ █ ██████████ ███████
If career counselors should try to give their students realistic expectations of the jobs they want to pursue, then they should tell students interested in journalism what the job looks like for a normal person. This justifies our conclusion, so (D) is our answer.
Career counselors are ███ █████ █████ ███ ████████ ██ ████ █████████ ██████ ██ ████ ██████ ███████ ████ ███ █████████ █████████ ███ ████ █████ ██████ ████ █████ ███████
Wrong trigger and wrong conclusion. We don’t know if counselors are encouraging students to make decisions they will regret later on, so we can’t use this conditional statement. We also aren’t trying to prove that the counselors are bad at their jobs.
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