Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: Ice age was caused by over vegetation

Why? Excess vegetation, if around, would have caused depletion of Carbon Dioxide

&

If Carbon Dioxide is depleted the earths atmosphere rapidly cools, leading to an ice age

Main Assumption :Excess vegeation was around

Logic: Causation and Conditional

Lesson

sLaKR

s: (Diagram)

Sentece 2

-------+------- (therefore): Sentence 4

Sentence 3

(blank space)

Sentence 4

-------+---------------(therefore) Sentence 1

Main Assumption

THIS IS NOT A CONDITIONAL DIAGRAM

Other Notes

Causation and Conditional Logic, thankfully doesn't matter as much because this is a MC stem

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: (Implied) Regulation on emissions should not be set on longterm averages

Why? Doing so is akin to making speed limits based on vehichles' average speed instead of its peak speed - ludacrous

Main Assumption (Analogy):

Speed = emissions

&

No Speed = No Emissions

Logic: Analogical reaosning

Lesson

SlAKR

Other Notes

Be careful when mapping an analogy in an argument

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: Book's classification of "sci-fi" is inapropriate

why?:

The book has something that dramatic novels have and sci-fi generllay lakcs

Ultimately doesn't matter :"::((((

Main Assumption/Prephrase: if it has something that a genre has but another generally lacks, then it is the genre of the former

logic: Category Conditional

Lesson

sLAKR Difficult Trait #7: In the hardest SA questions, the correct answer may need to be recombined with easily overlooked information from the stimulus in order to make sense

SUPER IMPORTANT FOR THIS Q IN PARTICULAR: plug-in test

For Example:

Conclusion: Classification of sci-fi is inappropriate

why?: It is a great dramatic novel

&

(plug in AC E): A dramatic novel cannot be both great and belong to the genre of sci-fi

Other Notes

easily overlooked information: The book is a great dramatic novel. Atleast this much is granted!

It really feels like the stuff that is suppose to be important to finding the AC is not important at all. Like, you can get the right AC by just reading the first 2 sentences and ignoring the rest. But alas, hindsight is 20/20, it's easy to consider alot in the first sentence as peripheral information and then move on

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: Asteroid impact did not make dinosaurs extinct Why? Intersetellar dust layer corresponds with timing of humungous volcanic erruption Main Assumption: The dust layer must indicative of the cause of the extinction of the dinosaur species

logic: causation

Lesson

SlAKR l: Correct AC D: effect without cause. Whatever must have caused the extinction was going on before any single important dust layer was formed by a volcano

Other Notes

so much fluff I hope this is not indicative of modern tests

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: New drugs should not be introduced into the market

Why?: A thorough understanding of a drugs social impact is neccesary for introduction into the market

&

A new anti-histamine's social impact is dubious

Main Assumption: This new anti-histamine is atleast as representative of new drugs at whole (in terms of their social impact)

Logic: conditional

Lesson

sLAkr:

s: (scope shift) This drug -> drugs in general

k: "social impact"

r: Most is better strengthener than some

Difficult Trait #2: For ACs with difficult implications, combine it with the argument to see how the main conclusion is affected

Other Notes

paraphrase: If new drugs are not as well understood as this anti-histamine (which is already dubious) then they must be even more socially dubious

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: Sun's luminosity is not the only factor that controls earth's temp

Why?: Professional metereologists have a rule: a complicated system can not be explained in simple terms

Main Assumption (FLAW): Our appeal to authority is relevant

Logic: Causation, but ultimately doesn't matter

Lesson

sLAKR

s: 21 fallacies

Other Notes

Prephrase: What's ruled can not not be attacked! Therefore Classic Flaw: Inappropriate appeal to authority

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: President acted in nation's best interest by sidelining electoral reform

Why?: Sidelining electoral reform takes bravery

Main Assumption: Being brave means acting in the countries best interest Logic: conditional (implied)

Lesson

sLAkR

s: keyword shift from premise to conclusion k: Wisdom = acting in the country's best interest (Not ideal)

Other Notes

Praphrase/gap: What does being brave have to do with acting in nation's best interest?

Looking For AC that starts with Fails to justify or Fails to distinguish!!!

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: Using wood from old growth trees can reduce CO2 in atmosphere

Why?: Old growth trees release CO2 when they fall and naturally die.

Main Assumption: By utilizing the wood, we prevent this from occuring

logic: causation

Lesson

SlaKR Difficult Trait #1: Be careful of weak answers

Other Notes

I just did not understand the logic and assumption behind this quesiton

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: An increase in TV viewing has caused a decrease in Reading Why?: The percentage of the population that reads has decline by the same percentage that watching TV has increased among the population Main

Assumption: TV has caused people that would otherwise read to instead watch television

logic: causation (phenom-hypothesis) & math

Lesson

SlAKR

Other Notes

Prephrase: What if you don't watch TV or read? Correct AC: Effect Without Cause

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: "Sugar-free" labels should be banned from food containers

Why?:

Such labels cause people to mistakenly equivocate "Sugar-free" with low-calorie Main Assumption:

&

If people will be harmed by the misinterpretation of a food label, then that label should be banned

Main Assumption: If people will be harmed by the misinterpretation of a food label, then that label should be banned.

logic: conditional (implied)

Lesson

SLaKR Type I

Gap/prephrase: What if such an equivocation is not sufficient for banning the label?

Correct Reasoning

Conclusion: The American practice of exporting banned pesticides to countries that we import agricultrual products from is a risk to health in the US.

Premise: Those banned pesticides are harmful to human health

Assumption: The agricultural produce we import has those same banned pesticides that we exported to the country of origin. logic: you reap what you sow

Lesson

SLaKR

Difficult Trait #2: For Answers with unclear implications, combine it with the arugment to see how the main conlcusion is affected

@Rara_lee any plan proposed by parliament serving narrow interests is a stronger argument than, "Plan proposed by parliament to reform the electoral process". So it's more of an Sufficient Assumption

@PhoebeHopp Best explanation on this thread!

If you treat the promise as an obligation (and thereby the main course of action), then instead of facing 2 "alternatives", you are left with what Jack should do and the singular alternative - going against gma's wishes . For this reason, I feel D is descriptively flawed.

I hope you're paying your Web Devs well, they've been cranking out so many good updates!

Isn't art displayed when it's being sold ;-;