@LeonelaMartinezramirez This might not be perfect but I view the object as the thing in a sentence that the subject is acting on.

So for Q3, Mary (subject) declared (verb) the statement that 'Billboards are the basis of our business.' We could break it down more but to keep it simple, Mary is acting on the whole quote about billboards because she is declaring it.

For Q4, we don't have an object because "the formation" is not acting on anything. It "is triggered" by something, but not impacting it. This might make you think the winds are the subject, but here I use a general rule of thumb that subjects often come earlier in a sentence and usually are before a modifier beginning with "of."