@Shelby9999 Premise: "Most students fail tests when they didn't study hard in the days leading up to their tests"

Conclusion: "it is likely Susan did not study."

Here's my causation argument:

Susan failed her test. Most students fail tests when they didn't study hard in the days leading up to their tests, so it is likely Susan did not study.

So what I'm hearing is that we're all going to be okay :)