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isaacmanoff752
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isaacmanoff752
Sunday, Oct 29 2017

@

Ok here is my last stab at it. Maybe I just need to mull it over for a few days... But right now I am pretty convinced that this question is deeply flawed. I also need more things to do on a Saturday night...

Here is how I see the argument working:

(P1) Avoiding your problems is correlated with gum disease. [As stipulated by the stimulus]

(P2) Avoiding your problems causes stress.[As stipulated by the AC]

(P3) Stress causes a weakened immune system [As stipulated by the stimulus]

(C) A weakened immune system causes gum disease [As stipulated by the stimulus]

So I don't see where the sub-conclusion in the argument is about the correlation between weaken immune system and gum disease.

Sorry if this was confusing. What I was referring to as a sub-conclusion was the claim you get by putting together (P1), (P2), and (P3). And now that I think about it, putting the three premises together barely amounts to a correlation between having a weakened immune system and having gum disease. All it really amounts to is saying that those who have a weakened immune system because they are avoiding their problems also have gum disease.

I think you agree that this very weak correlation, if not coincidence, provides basically no support for the conclusion. As you say:

But I don't see how just establishing a correlation between having a weak immune system and gum disease would make the causal conclusion work.

It doesn't! To me it seems that, even when we assume the AC, the the bulk of the support for the casual conclusion is derived from other unstated assumptions which make the causal conclusion more likely. This makes the AC as a necessary assumption problematic. We don't need the AC to have anything to do with causality because it quite literally cannot prove causality between a weakened immune system and gum disease. The other unstated assumptions perform this role, and we need them regardless of whether or not the AC has anything to do with causality.

To put it another way, regardless of whether the AC has anything to do with causality, it doesn't do anything in the argument except help prove that those who have a weakened immune system because they are avoiding their problems also have gum disease. On its own, this claim provides almost no support for the conclusion, and we can basically reach the same claim even if avoiding one's problems only correlates with stress.

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isaacmanoff752
Saturday, Oct 28 2017

@

It's not that the argument is assuming it's own conclusion, since a conclusion is a stated inference, but he made an assumption/jump to get to the conclusion.

So you agree with me that the arguer inferred or "jumped" from the sub-conclusion that there is a correlation between having a weakened immune system and having gum disease to the conclusion that former caused the latter?

Aren't we not allowed to infer causality from mere correlation?

But if we do allow this deeply flawed inference, then the answer choice isn't necessary. Since we are going to be making an unwarranted jump from correlation to causation anyways, all we need for the argument to work is to establish a correlation between having a weak immune system and gum disease. And assuming that avoiding your problems merely correlates with (but does not cause) stress works just fine.

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isaacmanoff752
Saturday, Oct 28 2017

@

In order to have a causal chain I need to link: not thinking about problem causes stress which causes suppression of immune system which causes gum disease.

Regardless of weather or not putting off your problems causes stress or merely correlates with stress, the argument still only proves a correlation between a weakened immune system and gum disease. Just think: even when we assume that not thinking about problems causes stress which in turn causes a weakened immune system, there is still no reason to believe that the weakened immune system is causing the gum disease. As far as I can tell, all we have have established is that people who avoid thinking about their problems have weakened immune systems (because they don't think about their problems) and also have gum disease. To put it another way, we have established that there is a correlation between having a weakened immune system and having gum disease, but not that the former is causing the latter.

This is where it gets confusing. The argument goes on to conclude that the study shows us that a weakened immune system is causing the gum disease. So this means that the argument is making a second assumption, that the relationship between a weakened immune system and having gum disease is a causal relationship, not just a correlation.

If this is right, then to me it seems like all we need to assume to make the argument work is that, for what ever reason, the people who avoided their problems were more stressed than those who dealt with their problems. Being more stressed resulted in a weakened immune system which, the argument assumes, causes gum disease.

But it also means that the argument is literally assuming its own conclusion.

Am I missing something here?

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isaacmanoff752
Friday, Oct 27 2017

@

Can you please explain to me why the conclusion would not follow if we assumed that the degree to which one thinks about his/her problems strongly correlates with the degree to which he/she is stressed?

(P1) A recent study shows that there is a correlation between refusing to think about your problems and getting gum disease.

(P2) Stress causes suppression of the immune system.

(C) The recent study shows that suppression of the immune system causes higher levels of gum disease

(NA) Refusing to think about your problems increases a person's level of stress.

Why do we have to assume that refusing to think about your problems CAUSES increased levels of stress? To me, it just seems that we are only required to assume that those who refuse to think about there problems are more stressed. Maybe it is the stress that causes them not to think about their problems... Who knows! I don't see why we have to assume a causal relationship between the two for the argument to work.

https://classic.7sage.com/lsat_explanations/lsat-70-section-4-question-10/

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isaacmanoff752
Wednesday, Aug 23 2017

@ Here is my last go at it:

If we say that the dietary practice being advocated is to "eat carrots with moderate amounts of fat", then the AC can't be right. It can't be right because it amounts to saying that the dietician gives us a reason not to indulge in eating carrots with moderate amounts of fat. But in the stimulus the dietician doesn't give a reason to not indulge in eating carrots with moderate amounts of fat. Instead, he only gives a reason to moderate the amount of fat we eat while eating with carrots with fat.

Alternatively, if we say that the dietary practice being advocated is merely to "eat carrots with fat", then again, the AC can't be right. It can't be right because, if anything, the statement that "fat in one's diet is generally unhealthy" gives us a reason not to adopt the diet of eating carrots with fat.

I see why the AC is more appealing than the others, but it seems like it's deeply flawed.

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isaacmanoff752
Wednesday, Aug 23 2017

@ We are on the same page. The AC makes it seem like the two reasons are different! And I really don't see how the fact that fat is unhealthy would serve as a reason to adopt the dietary practice of eating carrots with fat.

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isaacmanoff752
Wednesday, Aug 23 2017

@ I can't see how they are the same. To me it looks like (P2) is mentioned as a reason for adopting the dietary practice and (P3) is mentioned as a reason to moderate that practice. But the AC implies the opposite, that (P3) is mentioned as the reason for adopting the practice, and some other reason is given to moderate it.

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Wednesday, Aug 23 2017

isaacmanoff752

PT50.S2.Q19 - fat is generally unhealthy

(P1) Get your nutrients from natural foods and not supplements.

(P2) Carrots give you beta carotene but it can only be transformed into Vitamin A if you eat them with some fat.

(P3) Fat in one's diet is generally unhealthy.

(C) Eat carrots wth some fat, but not too much fat because that is generally unhealthy.

It seems that the statement that "fat in one's diet is generally unhealthy" is mentioned as the reason to moderate the dietary practice of eating carrots wits some fat. But the AC says it is mentioned as a reason for adopting a dietary practice. Am I missing something?

https://classic.7sage.com/lsat_explanations/lsat-50-section-2-question-19/

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isaacmanoff752
Friday, Sep 22 2017

@

IMO it should strictly be a race-blind process. I would prefer that law school admissions be a true meritocracy.

Even if law school admissions abandoned AA and removed questions of race in the admissions process, certain races would still be advantaged/disadvantaged because of of the history of race relations in the Untied States. This wouldn't be a meritocracy in virtue of the fact that merit wouldn't solely determine one's chances of getting into law school.

I am with you, I support meritocracy as well. But we have to remember a true meritocracy can only exist if there is a level playing field to begin with and everyone starts out with more or less the same resources and opportunities available. And this just isn't the case in the US. Equal opportunity never has existed here, and it probably never will. So, if you really want a true meritocracy, you have to do something to try and level the playing field, so to speak. Affirmative action is an attempt to do that. Arguably, it is a deeply flawed attempt that hasn't really worked (after decades of AA, African Americans are still one of the poorest groups in the country), but the there aren't very many other obvious alternatives.

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isaacmanoff752
Wednesday, Sep 20 2017

@

Asians are deemed an overrepresented minority... Don't want to start any kind of race discussion here so I won't say anything beyond that but you can you google relatively recent articles in which this is talked about. Personally, I think it is ridiculous and why applications should be race-blind. Affirmative action and reverse discrimination have no place in any form of academic admissions. To be given an advantage/disadvantage due solely to race is inherently racist itself.

I completely agree, to be given an advantage/disadvantage due solely to race is inherently racist in itself. However, the problem is that without affirmative action or something like it, certain races will be at a huge disadvantage merely because of historical and continued injustices inflicted upon their race which result in massive disparities in opportunity (think slavery, discrimination against people of color, and wealth inequalities based solely on race). Like you said, this is inherently racist. And if I am not mistaken, you aren't down with that.

So my question for you is this: without something like affirmative action or other systematic attempts to compensate for injustices that result in certain races being majorly disadvantaged compared to others, what do you propose we do to guarantee that no groups of people are advantaged merely because of their race?

It seems to me that the only other alternative would be a massive redistribution of wealth to those who are currently disadvantaged and a strengthening of public goods and services to guarantee that everyone, regardless of race, has access to the same essential resources and opportunities.

Any other ideas?

PrepTests ·
PT123.S2.Q6
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isaacmanoff752
Sunday, Jun 18 2017

I had trouble with this question because I thought it actually logically followed from the given premises which state that no one with a felony can join the executive board. Given this premise, Murray can't be accepted to the position of Executive Administrator because that is a position on the executive board. I get why answer b is right, but it seems to me that as a premise in the overall argument b is very redundant and that the conclusion can follow without it because we know Murray has a felony and no one with a fellow can join the executive board.

Does that make sense to anyone?

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isaacmanoff752
Wednesday, Sep 13 2017

I took those two PTs this week and they were also some of my lowest scores. I had been averaging high 160s – low 170s and on 75 I got a 159 (wtf?) and on 77 a 162.

During the week leading up to those two I had been taking PTS every day. After taking 75 and 77 I realized that probably wasn't the best idea and decided to stop and let my brain recover before this Saturday.

I'm not allowing myself to even look at LSAT material today. I think I am going to re-BR both tests tomorrow and then look over one of my best tests on Friday to get my confidence up.

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Thursday, Jul 12 2018

isaacmanoff752

A New LSAT Study Method

If you have ever learned a new language, you know that after translating a new word, phrase, or sentence, you don't just stop there. You write that word, phrase or sentence down on a flash card and you DRILL it into your brain hundreds of times until you can recall its meaning instantly without thinking.

Similarly, when you are learning how to play basketball, you don't stop practicing your free throws once you get the ball in the net. Professionals spend hours shooting and scoring hundreds of free throws so that the motion becomes perfectly ingrained in their muscle memory.

Or think about learning how to play the guitar. Any guitarist knows that just because you have played a song perfectly once does not mean you are ready to perform. You have to play the same song perfectly over and over again before you can say that you have mastered the song.

But repetition doesn't just help you master a given phrase, skill, or song. By performing an action repetitively, you strengthen the capacities and skills you need to successfully perform that action. By strengthening those capacities, you will be better equipped to approach different actions that require the same skills.

Think about the basketball player. Once he has mastered the free throw he will likely be much better at shooting three-pointers, or from any distance for that matter.

Or think about the musician: by simply mastering one song, a guitarist becomes much better at plucking, playing specific notes, and keeping tempo. So even though he only knows one song, she will be much better equipped to learn and play new songs.

So what does this mean for the LSAT?

First, it means that getting a problem right once is not enough. The reason is that doing that problem over and over again CORRECTLY is how you build the skills and capacities you need to approach different and more difficult problems. The skills and capacities I am talking about include processing, comprehending, and retaining a lot of information. They also include understanding and manipulating logic and arguments. Simply solving a lot of different problems gives you no opportunity to develop these skills.

In short, my first radical claim is that taking a PT and conducting one BR basically does nothing to improve your skills. It's because doing something once or twice just isn't really practice.

But there is more.

When studying, your focus should not be on developing the skills you need to approach the LSAT. Since you get these skills through repetition, my second radical claim is that YOU SHOULDN'T BE WASTING YOUR TIME ACTUALLY SOLVING THE PROBLEMS. When you approach a new LSAT problem (LG, LR, or RC), look at the answer and the explanation and make sure you understand the question, the stimulus, and why the answer is right. Then repetitively review the steps you need to take to correctly solve that problem. This is how you will get better at reading, solving games, or LR problems.

Finally, you should focus on practicing the same problems a lot, and not be trying countless new problems. If you can master (and by master I mean that you have almost memorized) 5 PTs, you will have done so much more to build LSAT skills than by simply taking and reviewing once 50 pts.

So yes, what I am telling you to do is print out one PT, circle all the answers before looking at the questions, read the explanation as you go through each question and answer, and then PRACTICE each problem over and over again until you get to the point that each answer feels intuitive, obvious, and incredibly easy.

That is how you study for the LSAT.

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isaacmanoff752
Wednesday, Oct 11 2017

Make it personal and don't talk about Trump. The admissions officers know what Trump said and don't need you to repeat it. The larger political context is implicit and I don't hink you need to focus on it.

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isaacmanoff752
Monday, Aug 07 2017

I was making some confidence errors as well and it really helped when I started reading and eliminating all the wrong ACs even when I felt 100% confident that one was right. If you feel like you don't have time to eliminate all the ACs, try and at least read an eliminate one or two other ACs to give yourself the opportunity to check your reasoning. And if you are still feeling crunched for time, at the very least mark for BR any questions with wrong ACs left that you have not yet eliminated. If it is truly a confidence error, you should be able to catch any mistakes in BR. But of course, the best thing to do would be to get a little faster so you can eliminate all the wrong ACs!

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Monday, Aug 07 2017

isaacmanoff752

Typing the Essay

I have been approved to type the essay (without any extra time). Does anyone know how this will impact my testing experience? Will I be in a room alone? With others who have accommodations? Will I still get the experimental section?

Also, I know LSAC doesn't report to law schools whether or not one has accommodations. However, I think it will be pretty obvious that I do given that my essay will be typed. I know it shouldn't, but do you think this could influence the admissions committees' decisions in any way?

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