Hi guys!

I am a bit confused on how to use "without" when writing out conditionals. I understand that you negate the sufficient when you see the word without, but what if the statement says:

John always sleeps without socks.

Isn't "always" a necessary indicator?

Would it be diagrammed as:

sleep -> /socks (this one makes more sense to me)

or

/socks -> sleep

Another example, I know that if the statement says: You can't come home without making money, the conditional would be written out as:

come home -> made money.

Just a bit confused with the "always... without..." statement I mentioned initially.

Thanks!

Hi!

The premise for PT61 S4 Q24 says "Most long-term friendships begin because someone felt comfortable approaching a stranger."

I am a bit confused as how to map this out but I think I have an idea.

I initially thought the word "because" would make the idea following the word "because" become on the right side when put into lawgic form:

felt comfortable approaching stranger -> long-term friendship.

However, is it because of the word "Most" that makes the lawgic form become:

friends -most-> felt comfortable approaching stranger

Am I confusing "because, since, and for", by thinking I am looking for premise and conclusion when I already know what the premise is. In other words, am I mixing causal and conditional logic?

Sorry if this sounds confusing as I am having a hard time trying to explain my confusion. :(

Thank you!!!!

I seem to be negating the wrong thing and was wondering if someone could clear up my confusion for PT64 S3 Q26. :(

The sentence that reads “It is rational not to acquire such information unless one expects that the benefit of doing so will outweigh the cost and difficulty of doing so”.

I negated “it is rational not to acquire” when doing the group 3 translation like below:

rational to acquire -> expects the benefit of doing so will

rather than:

/expect the benefit -> rational not to acquire

In this case, would the “not” be modifying when someone is being rational? I really need to review my grammar…. I seem to be super hung up when I see the word “not”

Thank you!!