Stanford, Harvard, Chicago (Booth) and Penn (Wharton) are king. The most elite investment banks and private equity firms to refer these schools to others, as they are the best of the best.
Depends on what you're looking to get into as well. While it's not quite the same as the T14 for law schools, there is the M7 which is the top 7 MBA programs which is the above plus Northwestern (Kellogg), MIT (Sloan), and Columbia.
NU is tops for marketing, Stanford is big for venture capital, though both H and S will let you do pretty much anything. Wharton/Columbia/Booth are all big financial players. If you're not at the top it pays to do a lot of research into program specialties especially if you know exactly what you want to do.
There are definitely good prospects outside of the M7 but the starting pay and quality of those jobs declines more rapidly as you fall out of the top 20 or so. But a lot of it also has to do with your own work ethic and networking ability so you can overcome a lower school ranking.
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NU is tops for marketing, Stanford is big for venture capital, though both H and S will let you do pretty much anything. Wharton/Columbia/Booth are all big financial players. If you're not at the top it pays to do a lot of research into program specialties especially if you know exactly what you want to do.
There are definitely good prospects outside of the M7 but the starting pay and quality of those jobs declines more rapidly as you fall out of the top 20 or so. But a lot of it also has to do with your own work ethic and networking ability so you can overcome a lower school ranking.
+1 re your assertion about Wharton and Booth being quant-heavy programs.