... br />
'ALL ravens are black.' = 'NOT SOME (not any) ravens ... ) ravens are NOT black.'
'SOME ravens are black.' = 'NOT ALL ... means that all ravens are black, namely that every single one ... false that all ravens are black (hence not all...). Again, ...
My Scantron sheet says "use black No2 or HB pencils only", so I'm guessing they are similar enough. The common wisdom of the internets seems to be that a "middle of the scale" HB is pretty much a 2, but none of the scales are truly standardized.
... cat)
Incorrect cat-->black (leaves out the modifier) black
Similarly for only ... cats:
Only black cats bring bad luck. (Black is the modifier ...
Correct bad luck -->Black cat
Thanks Q.E.D. Your earlier comments on a similar thread were helpful in cracking this for myself, particularly the statement "NOT NOT some ravens are NOT black"