LSAT 130 – Section 4 – Question 20

LSAT 130 - Section 4 - Question 20

September 2009

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Question
QuickView		 Type Tags Answer
Choices		 Curve Question
Difficulty		 Psg/Game/S
Difficulty		 Explanation
PT130 S4 Q20
+LR
Resolve reconcile or explain +RRE
Causal Reasoning +CausR
A
1%
157
B
35%
161
C
2%
155
D
2%
156
E
60%
166
146
159
172
 +Harder 146.168 +SubsectionMedium

A recent study confirmed that salt intake tends to increase blood pressure and found that, as a result, people with high blood pressure who significantly cut their salt intake during the study had lower blood pressure by the end of the study. However, it was also found that some people who had very high salt intake both before and throughout the study maintained very low blood pressure.

"Surprising" Phenomenon
Why do some people who consume lots of salt have high blood pressure while others have very low blood pressure?

Objective
Any hypothesis explaining these results must state a distinction among people with high salt intake that explains why some have high blood pressure while others have low blood pressure. It may indicate that people react differently to a high salt intake, or it may be unrelated to salt intake altogether.

A
Study participants with high blood pressure who cut their salt intake only slightly during the study did not have significantly lower blood pressure by the end of the study.
This does not explain why people with high salt intake have such different blood pressures. It draws no distinction between groups of people who consume lots of salt.
B
Salt intake is only one of several dietary factors associated with high blood pressure.
This would explain why people with low salt intake have high blood pressure, but not why those with high salt intake have low blood pressure. It does not state that these dietary factors make low blood pressure possible despite a high salt intake.
C
For most people who have high blood pressure, reducing salt intake is not the most effective dietary change they can make to reduce their blood pressure.
This refers only to people with high blood pressure, and does not explain how people with high salt intake have very low blood pressure. It is not stated whether these other dietary changes will cause a person to have very low blood pressure.
D
At the beginning of the study, some people who had very low salt intake also had very high blood pressure.
This refers to people with low salt intake, not high salt intake. It does not explain why those with high salt intake can have low blood pressure.
E
Persons suffering from abnormally low blood pressure have heightened salt cravings, which ensure that their blood pressure does not drop too low.
This explains why some people with high salt intake have low blood pressure. They have very low blood pressure in the first place, and their salt consumption prevents it from dropping even lower.

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LSAT PrepTest 130 Explanations

Section 1 - Logical Reasoning

Section 2 - Reading Comprehension

Section 3 - Logical Reasoning

Section 4 - Logical Reasoning

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