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The authors of a recent article examined warnings of an impending wave of extinctions of animal species within the next 100 years. █████ ███████ ███ ████ ██ ████████ ██████ ██ ███████ ███ ████ ████ ███ ████ ██ ██████████ ██ ██████ ███████ ██ ███ █████████████ ████ ███ ██████ ████████ ████████ ████ ███ ████ ██ ███████ ██ ███████ ███ ██████████ ██ █████ ████████ ██████ ████ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ████████ ██ ███████ ████ ███ █████ ███ ██ █████ █████
Summarize Argument: Phenomenon-Hypothesis
The author concludes that, contrary to the recent article, the rate of animal extinctions is indeed accelerating. She supports this hypothesis with the observation that more fish species have gone extinct since 1950 than went extinct between 1900-1950.
Notable Assumptions
The author takes a very small sample—the number of fish extinctions in each of two time periods—and assumes that they accurately reflect a trend toward increasing extinctions of animals in general. This means she assumes that fish extinctions weren’t significantly higher prior to 1900, and also that the rate of extinction hasn’t now started to slow down. She also assumes that the rate of fish extinctions accurately represents what’s happening with other animal species more broadly.
16.
The answer to which one ██ ███ █████████ █████████ █████ ██████████ ████ ██ ██ ██████████ ██ ███ █████████
a
Were the fish ███████ ███ ██████████ ████ ██████ ███████ ████████████████ ██ ██████ ███████ ██ ███████ ████ ██████ ██ █████ ███████ ██ ███████████
b
How numerous were ███ ███████████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ███████ ███ ██████████ ██ █████ ████████ ██████ ████ ████ ██████ ███████ █████ █████
c
Did any of ███ ███████ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ ████████ ██████ ████ ██████ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ███████ █████████ ██ ███████ ███████ ██ █████ ████████
d
What proportion of █████ ████████ ████ ███████ ███ ██████████ █████ ███████████ ████ ██████████ ██ ████ ███ ███ █████████
e
Were any of ███ ███████ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ ████████ ██████ ████ ██████ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ███████ ████████████ ██████████