PT102.S1.P3.Q18 > Analytics

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Even in the midst of its resurgence as a vital tradition, many sociologists have viewed the current form of the powwow, a ceremonial gathering of native Americans, as a sign that tribal culture is in decline. ███

Sociologists' Argument · Tribal culture is in decline

Sociologists' Argument · Intertribal movement will erode dissolve tribes and result in broader assimilation into mainstream American culture

Sociologists' Argument · Pan-Indian Theory

Sociologists believe that greater intertribal activity, greater urbanization, and increasing politicization result in greater intertribalism.

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Concession · Intertribalism has been increasing

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Critique (of Sociologists) · But unique tribal traditions have been increasingly revitalized as well

Examples · Revival of the Sun Dance; of traditional societies

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Critique (of Sociologists) · The change is more complex than just intertribalism and assimilation

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Critique · of Pan-Indian theory's assumption

The sociologists' theory assumes that minority culture will succumb to majority culture upon contact. But there's no evidence that's true.

Concession · It's true that intertribal activities are important now

For example, intertribal dances; intertribal speeches (delivered in English).

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Critique · But that misses the point

Culture borrowing has always happened. What's important is that tribes are consciously making efforts to distinguish themselves.

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Main Point · Tribalism is still very powerful

Intertribalism doesn't threaten tribalism. It reinforces native American identity along a broader front.

Passage Style

Critique or debate

18.

Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████████ ████████ ██████ ███ ██████ ██ ██████████████

Question Type

Author’s attitude

Implied

This is an Inference question about what’s implied about the author's attitude towards the Pan-Indian theory. In low-res terms, we can predict that the answer should say that the author disagrees with and is critical of the theory.

critical of its ████████ ██ █████████ █████████ ███████ ██ ████████ █████████

Unsupported. There is no evidence that the Pan-Indian sociologists attributed political motives to cultural practices. The author cannot be critical of something that did not happen.

discomfort at its ████████ ████████████████ ██ ████████ █████████ ██ ██████ █████████

Unsupported. There is no evidence that the Pan-Indian sociologists viewed cultural borrowing as negative. They merely interpret such borrowing as evidence of a larger sociological trend toward assimilation. Since this didn't happen, the author cannot be said to be uncomfortable with it.

12%

hopeful about its ███████ ███ ██████████ ██████ ███████

Anti-supported. This is low-res wrong. "Hopeful" is a positive attitude. The author's attitude is negative.

offended by its █████ ████ ████████████ ██ █ █████████ ███████████ ██ ████████ ███████

Unsupported. There is no evidence that the Pan-Indian sociologists viewed cultural borrowing as positive. They merely interpret such borrowing as evidence of a larger sociological trend toward assimilation. Since this didn't happen, the author cannot be said to be offended by it.

skeptical that it ██ █ ████████ ███████████ ██ ██████ ███████ ██ ██████ ████████ ███████

Supported. The author believes that the Pan-Indian theory is too simplistic.

69%

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