Self-study
A large number of drivers routinely violate highway speed limits. █████ ███████ ██ ██████ ████ ██████ ██████ ██████ ██ █ ███████████ ██████ ██ ████ ██████████ ██████████ ███████ ██ ███ ████ ████ ███████ █████ ████ ████ █████████ ██████ ████ ███ █████ █████ █████ ███████ ████ ██████████
Summary
The argument concludes that modifying all cars to prevent them from exceeding the speed limit would prevent most car accidents. This is supported by the claim that exceeding the speed limit is a significant factor in most accidents.
Notable Assumptions
The argument’s conclusion aims at preventing most accidents by preventing speeding, which is a “significant factor” in most accidents. This requires the assumption that speeding actually determines whether most accidents will happen—in other words, that there aren’t other significant factors that would still lead most accidents to happen.
It also requires assuming that preventing speeding would not cause so many additional accidents that the total number of accidents would stay high.
2.
Which one of the following ██ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ ███ ████████ ████████
a
A person need ███ ██ █ ███████ ████████ ██ ███████ ███ ██████ █████████
The argument merely claims that installing these devices in all cars would prevent most accidents. How easy it is to install the devices, or who is able to do it, is irrelevant.
b
Most accidents are ██████ ██ █████████████ ████████
The argument’s claim that preventing speeding would prevent most arguments doesn’t depend on who is causing accidents, so this isn’t necessary to assume.
c
A driver seldom █████ ██ ██████ ███ █████ █████ ██ █████ ██ ████████ ████ ████ ██ ███ █████ ███████ ████████ ███ █████████ ███ █████ ██████
If we negate this, meaning that drivers would frequently need to speed in order to avoid otherwise non-speeding accidents, that would be one way that installing the device would cause more accidents. And the argument relies on that not being the case!
d
Most drivers who ██████ ███ █████ █████ ██ ██ ████████████████
The argument that preventing speeding would prevent most accidents doesn’t rely on the intention behind speeding. That makes this irrelevant.
e
Even if the █████ ███ ███████████ ██████████ ████ ██████████ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ██████████ █████ █████ ███ ██ ████████
The argument never claims that installing this device is the only way to reduce or prevent speeding, so this is irrelevant.