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Politician: Conclusion The funding for the new nationwide health-awareness campaign should come from an increase in taxes on cigarettes. ██ ██ ████ ███████████ ████ █████████ ███████ ██████ ████ ███████ ██████ █████████ ███ ██ ██ ████ ██████████ ████ ██████ █████ ███████████ ██████ █████ ██ ████ ██████ ████████ ██████ ████ ███ █████ ██ ████ █████████

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Summarize Argument: Counter-Position

The politician has suggested that the new health-awareness campaign should be funded by an increase in taxes on cigarettes. This is because cigarette smoking causes many health problems, and, according to the politician, it is reasonable to make cigarette smokers — whose habits are responsible for many health problems — bear the cost of the campaign through taxation.

The smoker responds by stating that there is just as much evidence that eating high-fat, high-cholesterol foods causes as many health problems as smoking does. Then the smoker points out that it would be unreasonable to force the purchasers of those foods to fund the campaign. The conclusion, by implication, is that it is also unreasonable to force smokers to fund this campaign.

Which one of the following ██ ███ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ███ ██████████ ███ ███ ███████

Question Type

Point at issue: disagree

The politician thinks it makes sense to fund a health-awareness campaign using a tax on cigarettes, since smoking cigarettes causes health problems, and it is reasonable to tax people for this unhealthy behavior. The smoker provides a counterexample — eating high-fat, high-cholesterol food — to suggest that it doesn't make sense to fund the campaign this way.

whether the politician's ████████ ███ █████████ ███ ████████████████ ████████ ██ ██ ████████████ ███

Correct. The politician thinks it is reasonable to fund a health-awareness campaign by taxing people whose "unhealthful" habit of smoking causes many other health problems. The smoker thinks it is "manifestly unreasonable" to fund the campaign this way.

84%

whether smokers are ████ █████ ██ ███ ███████ ███████ ██ █████ █████ ████ ███ ██████ ███ █████████ ███ █████████ ████████████████ █████

Incorrect. Neither the politician nor the smoker comments on whether smokers are more aware of their habit's harmful effects than people who regularly eat unhealthy foods.

whether the effects ██ ███████ ██████████ █ ███████ ██████ ██████ ████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ █████████ ██████ █████████ ████████████████ █████

Incorrect. The smoker says that regularly eating such foods "causes as many" serious health problems as smoking, but the politician doesn't compare the risks of these two habits.

whether it is ████████████ ██ ███████ ██████ ███ ██ ███ ███████ ████ ███████ ████████████ ████████ ██ █████ ███ █████ ██ █████ ████████

Incorrect. Neither the politician nor the smoker is specifically talking about requiring "people who do not benefit" from this program to share the costs of this program. It seems like, if anything, both smokers and people eating high-fat, high-cholesterol foods would benefit from the health-awareness program — but we don't know for sure, since neither the politician nor the smoker specifies. Since we don't know what either of them thinks about this, we can't say that they disagree on this point.

whether the proposed ████████ ██ █████████ █████ ██ ██ █████████ █████ ██ █████████ ███ ████████████████ ████████

Incorrect. The disagreement isn't about whether this increase would be an "efficient" means of financing the campaign: i.e., if it would actually work to raise enough money to finance the campaign. The disagreement is about whether this increase would be a reasonable way to fund the program — whether it would be fair to fund the campaign by increasing taxes on smoking.

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