Self-study
For next year, Support the Chefs' Union has requested a 10 percent salary increase for each of its members, whereas the Hotel Managers' Union has requested only an 8 percent salary increase for each of its members. █████ █████ ███████████ ████ ███ ███████ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ ██████ ████ ███ ██████ █████ ███ █████████ ███ ████ ████ ██ ███████ ████ ████ ██ ███ ██████ █████████ ██ ███ █████ █████████ ██████
Summarize Argument
The author concludes that the Chefs’ Union has requested raises of a greater dollar amount than the raises requested by the Hotel Managers’ Union. This is because the Chefs’ Union has requested a 10 percent salary raise, while the Hotel Managers’ Union has requested an 8 percent salary raise.
Notable Assumptions
The author assumes that on average, members of the Chefs’ Union currently make either almost as much, as much, or more than members of the Hotel Managers’ Union. If this were not the case, a higher percentage raise for the Chefs' Union could still result in a lower dollar amount.
4.
Which one of the following, ██ █████ ████ ███████████ ███ █████████
a
The Chefs' Union ███ ████ ████ ███████ ████ ████ ███ █████ █████████ ██████
Because we're talking about average amounts, it doesn't matter how many members each union has. Any difference in membership numbers wouldn't change the average.
b
The Chefs' Union ██ █ ████ ████████ █████ ████ ██ ███ █████ █████████ █████ ███ ██ █████████ ████ ██████ ██ ██████ ███ ██████ █████████ ██ █████████
The author is just discussing what the requested percentage raises amount to in dollars. How likely the unions are to receive the raises doesn't matter.
c
The current salaries ██ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ████ ██ ████████ ██████ ████ ███ ███████ ████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████ █████████ ██████
This strongly affirms the author's assumption, thus strengthening.. If members of the Chefs’ Union already make more than members of the Hotel Managers’ Union, and they're requesting a higher percentage raise, that certainly works out to a higher average dollar amount.
d
The average dollar ██████ ██ ███ ██████ ████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ████████ ████ ████ ███ █████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ ██████ ████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████ █████████ █████ █████████
In other words, last year's raises didn't change how the average salaries of each union compare to each other. But we don't know how those numbers compared before, so this isn't useful.
e
The members of ███ ██████ █████ ████████ ██████ █████████ ██ ██ ███████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ████ ███ ██████ █████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████ █████████ █████ ████████ ██████ █████████ ██ ████ █ ███████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ████ ███ ██████
Because we don't know what the average salaries were to begin with before all of these raises, this still doesn't help us compare the average salaries now. In other words, it's irrelevant.