Self-study
Zachary: The term "fresco" refers to paint that has been applied to wet plaster. ████ ██████ █ ██████ █████████ █████████ ███ █████ ████ █ ███████ ███ ███████ ██ ████ ████ ██████████████ █████████ █████ ██ ████ ████ ████ ██ █████ ████████ ████ ████████ ███ ████████ ██████ ████ ████ ██ ████████████ ██ ███ ███████ ███████ ██████████ ██ █████ ██ ███████ ██████████████ ███████ ██████ █████████ ██ ███ ██████████ ████ ████████████ ████████ ████ ██ █████ ██████████ ██████ ███ ████████ ██████ ████ ████ ██ ████████ █████
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Summarize Argument: Counter-Position
In response to Zachary’s claim that everything except the original fresco work must be stripped away in order to restore the Sistine Chapel to the appearance Michelangelo intended, Stephen points out that it was common for painters of that era to add painted details to their own fresco work after the frescos dried.
Describe Method of Reasoning
Stephen counters the position held by Zachary. He does this by questioning an assumption that underlies Zachary’s argument. Zachary assumes that Michelangelo didn't intend for the painting to show anything other than the original fresco work. But, if it was common for painters of Michelangelo’s era to add details to fresco works after they had dried, then it may be that Michelangelo himself made some additions to the fresco work in the Sistine Chapel. If this is true, stripping away everything but the original work would not achieve the appearance Michelangelo intended.
25.
Stephen's response to Zachary proceeds ██
a
calling into question ██ ██████████ ██ █████ █████████ ██████████ ███████
Zachary's conclusion depends on the assumption that Michelangelo did not make any later additions beyond the original fresco work. Stephen points out that this assumption might be false.
b
challenging the definition ██ █ ███ ████ ██ █████████ ████████
Stephen does not challenge the definition of any key terms. He does not dispute what counts as fresco work.
c
drawing a conclusion █████ ████ ███ ███ ████ ███████ ███████
Stephen does not draw any conclusion. He provides additional information meant to counter an assumption that Zachary’s argument relies on.
d
denying the truth ██ ███ ██ ███ ██████ ████████ ██ █████████ ████████
Stephen does not deny that later painters may have obscured Michelangelo’s original fresco work. Instead, he suggests that it is possible Michelangelo may have also made some additions.
e
demonstrating that Zachary's ██████████ ██ ███ ██████████ ████ ███ ████████ ██ ████ ██ ███████ ██
Zachary’s argument is not self-contradictory. Although Zachary's argument makes an assumption, this does not imply that the argument's conclusion contradicts its own premises.