Finnish author Jaakko Mikkeli was accused by Norwegian author Kirsten Halden of plagiarizing a book that she had written and that had been published 20 years before Mikkeli's. ███ ███ ██████ ████████ ███ ██ █████████ ███████ ███ ████████ ███████ ██████ ████ ████████████ ██ ████ ████████████ ███████████ █████████ █████████ ███████ █████ ██ ███ ████████ ████ ██████████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████ ████ ███████ ████████ ████ ███ ████ █████████ ████ ██ ██████████ █ ████████ ███████ ████ ███ ███████████ ███ ███████ ██ ███████ ██ ████████ ████ ████ ████ ████ ██████████
Mikkeli argues that it was impossible for him to plagiarize from Halden’s book.
Why?
Because Halden’s book was published only in Norwegian, which Mikkeli doesn’t understand. In addition, reviews of Halden’s book have never been published.
Mikkeli assumes that there was no other way to learn about the details of the plot in Halden’s book besides through reading the book or from a review of the book. This overlooks the possibility that Mikkeli might have learned the details of the plot through a conversation with someone who did read the book, for example.
The argument in Mikkeli's defense ███████ ██ ███ ██████████ ████
Mikkeli has never ███ ██████
Halden's book did ███ ██████ ███████ ██ ██████
nobody related the ████ ██ ████████ ████ ██ ██████ ██ ███████ ██████ ███████ █████ ███ ████
there is a ██████ ████████ ████ ██ █████ ████ ███████ ████████ ██████████████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ████████
Mikkeli is not ████████ ████ ███ ██████████ ██ ███████ ████████ ███████ ██ ██ ███████ ████ ██ █████████