Self-study
Ethicist: Both ASA and TPA are clot-dissolving agents. ██████ ███████ ████ ████ ███ ████ █████████ ██████ ████ █████ ████ ██ ████ ███ ████ █████ ████ █████ ███ ███ ██ █████ ██ ███████ ████████ ██ ████ ████ ███ ███████████████ █████████████ ████████ █████ ███ █████████ ██ ███ ████████ ███ ███ ██████ ███████ ████ ████ █████ ███ ████ █████████ ████████ █████ ██ ████████████ ████████ ███ █████████ ██████ ████████ ██ █████ ███ ████ ███ ████ ████ ██ ███████ ███████ ████ ███████████████
Summarize Argument
In the choice between two medicines, there are more considerations at play than just cost vs. effectiveness. The ethicist supports this by citing that a patient’s death resulting from cost-savings would cause more grief to the patient’s family members.
Identify Conclusion
The ethicist’s conclusion insists on expanding the factors involved in a decision: “the financial saving involved in using ASA over TPA must also be weighed against such considerations.”
14.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ ██████████ █████████
a
ASA should never ██ █████ ██ █████████████ ███████ ████████ ██ █████ ██ ████
This isn’t stated in the argument. The ethicist never makes an absolute claim about which medicine should be used, the argument is just about what factors warrant consideration.
b
TPA is a ████████ ████ █████████ ███████████████ █████ ████ ████
This can be inferred, but it isn’t stated. Also, like (D), this is context for the argument rather than being part of the argument itself. The ethicist’s focus is on including considerations beyond cost vs. effectiveness.
c
The extra expense ██ ███ ██████ ██ ███████ ██████ ███████ ███ ███ ██████████ █████ ██████
This accurately captures the main conclusion. The ethicist says we need to weigh the cost of this type of medicine against more factors than just effectiveness, and the example of grief is used to support that.
d
ASA is a ████ █████████ ███████████████ █████ ████ ████
Like (B), this is part of the argument’s context, not part of the argument. The argument is about considering more factors than just cost vs. effectiveness; the discussion of cost just sets the stage for that conversation.
e
Relatives of a ███████ ███ ███ ████ ██████ ████ ██ ███ ███████ ████████ ███ ██████ ████ ████
This is premise. This supports the conclusion about taking more factors into consideration when deciding on a medicine, and it doesn’t receive support from anywhere else in the argument.