PT117.S1.P3.Q19 > Analytics

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The survival of nerve cells, as well as their performance of some specialized functions, is regulated by chemicals known as neurotrophic factors, which are produced in the bodies of animals, including humans. ███

Context · Nerve cells are regulated by chemicals called neurotrophic factors

Spotlight · Levi-Montalcini's discovery of NGF was important development in biochemistry

NGF was the first known neurotrophic factor.

Levi-Montalcini's hypothesis · Many nerve cells are programmed to die

Experimentation · Discovered that nerve development could be stimulated in chick embryos by implanting tumors

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Additional hypothesis · Chemical produced by tumors caused nerve growth

Experimentation · Tissue culture method confirmed hypothesis and identified the "nerve growth factor" (NGF)

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Later research · NGF directs nerves toward appropriate connections, and is necessary for survival of nerve cells

Passage Style

Single position

Spotlight

19.

The passage describes a specific ██████████ ████ ██████ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ███████████

Question Type

Stated

In P2, the author tells us about two hypotheses tested by Levi-Montalcini. First, her hypothesis that many immature nerve cells in a developing organism are programmed to die. Second, that a chemical produced by the mouse tumors in one of her experiments caused nerve growth. However, since the question asks about a hypothesis for which a “specific experiment” is described, the answer will be the second hypothesis. We are not told about a specific experiment that tested the first hypothesis.

A certain kind ██ █████ █████ ████████ █ ████████ ████ ██████████ ███ ██████ ██ █████ ██████

Supported. Levi-Montalcini hypothesized that a chemical produced by the mouse tumors was responsible for the nerve growth she observed. The author describes a tissue culture experiment that Levi-Montalcini used to test this hypothesis.

51%

Developing embryos initially ████ ████ ████ █████ █████ ████ ████ ████ ██████████ ████████

This sounds close to the first hypothesis described, but it we are not told about a specific experiment that tested the first hypothesis. In addition, if we’re being even more precise, (B) describes a conclusion that Levi-Montalcini reached following some research; it doesn’t describe her hypothesis.

40%

In addition to ████ █████ ███ ███████ █████ █████████ ████████████ ███████ ██████████ ████ ████████ ███ █████████

The author never describes a specific experiment that tests whether ther are other neurotrophic factors besides NGF.

Certain organs contain ███ ██ ██████████████ ████ ██████ ████ ██ ███ ███████████ ███████

The author never describes a specific experiment to test whether certain organs have higher concentrations of NGF compared to surrounding tissue.

Certain nerve cells ███ ████████ ████ ███ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ██ █████ ████ ███ ██████████

The author never describes a specific experiment to test whether nerve cells are supplied with NGF by muscle cells. The only specific experiment is described in P2, and that experiment relates to the hypothesis that a chemical in mouse tumors caused cell growth.

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