Self-study
The economy is doing badly. ██████ ███ ████ ██████ █████ ███ ████ ████ ██ ███ ████ █████ ███████ ███ █████ ███ ██ █████ ██████ ██ ██████ ██ ███████ ███ ██████ ███ ██ ███ █████ ██████████ ██████ ██ ██████ ████ █████ ██ ██████████ ████ ███ ███████ ██ █ █████ █████ ████████ ████ █████ ██████████ ████████ █████ ██ █████ ████████ ████ ██ ██████████ ██ ████████
Summary
The argument concludes that the economy is doing badly for two reasons: the first because the real estate market is in a slump and the second because car sales are low. If the economy were healthy, at least one of these two phenomena would not occur.
Strongly Supported Conclusions
If the economy were healthy then either car sales are not low, the real estate market is not in a slump, or both.
14.
Which one of the following ██████████ ██ ████ ████████ █████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██████
a
If car sales ███ ██ █████ ██████ ██ ██████ ████ ██ ██ ██████ ████ ███ ███████ ██ █████ ██████
We don’t know if low car sales alone is sufficient for a bad economy. Rather, the argument suggests that low car sales combined with a real estate slump lead to a bad economy.
b
If the economy ██ █████ ██████ ████ ██████ ███ ████ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ ███ █████ ██████ ██ ███ ████████
We know that low car sales combined with a real estate slump are sufficient for a bad economy, but we do not know if these are the only two factors sufficient for a bad economy. A necessary condition’s occurrence does not imply the sufficient condition’s occurrence.
c
If the real ██████ ██████ ██ ████████ ████ ██ ██ ██████ ████ ███ ███████ ██ █ █████ ██ ████████
We don’t know what conditions are sufficient for a healthy economy. There could be other factors outside of the real estate market and car sales that lead to a bad economy.
d
If the economy ██ ██ █ ███████ ██████ ████ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ███ ███ █████ ███████ ███ ████ ██ █ ██████
The argument states that if car sales are not low or the real estate market is not in a slump, the economy is likely to be healthy. Therefore, if the economy were healthy it is likely that at least one of these phenomena occurred.
e
The bad condition ██ ███ ███████ ███████ ████ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ███ ███ ███ █████ ███████ ███ █████ ██████
We know that low car sales combined with a real estate slump are sufficient for a bad economy, but we do not know if these are the only two factors sufficient for a bad economy. A necessary condition’s occurrence does not imply the sufficient condition’s occurrence.