Self-study
Support To accommodate the personal automobile, houses are built on widely scattered lots far from places of work and shopping malls are equipped with immense parking lots that leave little room for wooded areas. ██████ ███ ██████ █████████ ███ ████ ████████ ████████████ ███ ██████ █████ ████ ██ ████ ████ █ █████████ ██ ██████ ██████ █████ █████████ ████ ███ ███ ██ ████ ████
Summarize Argument
The argument concludes that the geography of cities would be very different if cars hadn’t been widely used. This is because cities were designed with lots of space to allow for the use of cars.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The argument fails to prove that, without cars, cities would have been designed differently. The wide use of cars caused cities to be designed with lots of open space, but something else could have also caused them to be designed that way. While it’s possible that, without the wide use of cars, cities would have ended up with very different geography, the premises don’t prove that they definitely would have.
10.
The argument's reasoning is questionable ███████ ███ ████████
a
infers from the ████ ████ ███ ███████ █████████ ██ ██████ ██████ ████████ ████ █ ██████████ █████ ████ ██ █████ ████ ████ ████████ ████ ████ █████
This describes how the argument fails to consider the fact that there could be other causes that would result in cities being designed with lots of space. It’s entirely possible that, even without cars, the geography of cities would still be similar.
b
infers from the ████ ████ ███ ███████ █████████ ██ ██████ ██████ ████████ ████ █ ██████████ █████ ████ █████ ██████ ██ ██████ ████ ████████ ████ ████ █████
The argument's conclusion isn't about any other facets of modern life. The conclusion is about the geography of cities.
c
overlooks the fact ████ ████ █████████████ ███████████ █████ ████ ███ ████████ ██████████ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ███ ██████ ████
The argument doesn’t presume that cars are the only influence on the design of cities. It just notes that they had a significant effect. The flaw is failing to consider that they may not be the only thing that could have that effect.
d
takes for granted ████ ████████ █████ ██ ███ ████ █████ ███████ ████ ████ █████ ███ ███ ██ ███ ████████ ██████████
This is irrelevant. The argument refers to malls to support the idea that their design was influenced by the use of cars. It doesn’t matter whether or not the extra space is actually required.
e
takes for granted ████ ██████ ██████████ ████ ██ ████ ███████ ████████ ███████████
The argument never makes any claim about what people want; it’s about how the use of cars affects the geography of cities.