Self-study
According to the theory of continental drift, in prehistoric times, many of today's separate continents were part of a single huge landmass. ██ ███ ██████ ██ █████ ████ ████████ ██████ █████ ██ █████ ███ ████ █████ ██████ ███ █████ █████ ██████ ███ █████ ███████ ███████ ██ ██ █████████████ ███ ████████ ████ █████ ███████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ████ █████ ████ ████ ██ ███ ███ ████ █████ ██ ███████
Hypothesis
The author hypothesizes that South America and Africa were once joined. This is one implication of the broader theory that continents used to be part of a single massive landmass, which then broke apart as plates shifted.
11.
Which one of the following ████████████ ██ ██ ████ █████ █████ ████ ███████ ███ █████ ██████████ █████ █████ ███████ ███ ███████
a
A large band ██ ███████ ████ ██ █ ████ ████ █████ ███ ████ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ██ ██ ███ ████ ████ ██ █ ████ ██ ███ ████ █████ ██ ███████
This is evidence that South America and Africa were once joined. The rare rock in question is unlikely to exist on both coasts if the continents weren’t joined at one point. And rocks last long enough to have been around back when the landmass broke apart.
b
Many people today ██████ ██ ██████ ███ ███████████ █████ ███████ ██ ████ ███████ █████████
These continents drifted away from each other in "prehistoric" times, long before humans existed. Genetic similarities must therefore have different explanations, such as migration, or just coincidence.
c
The climates of ███████ ██████ ███ ██ ███ ████ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ████████ ████ ██████
We don’t have any information connecting continental drift to climate. It’s very possible that western Africa and eastern South America have similar climates to each other for other reasons (e.g. being at the same latitude).
d
Some of the ██████ ██████ ██ ██████ ██████ ██ ███████ █████ ███████ █████ █████████ ██████████████ ███████ ██ ███████ █████████ ██████ ██ ███████ ███████ ███████ ████████
As in (B), continental drift happened long before humans were around. Any linguistic similarities between groups on different continents can't be related to continental drift.
e
Several species of ██████ █████ ██ ███████ ██████ ███████ ████████ ██████ ███████ ██ █████ ████████
First, we don't know if this resemblance indicates a relationship between these plants, or if it's just coincidental. Even if it's not a coincidence, the plants could have easily been carried across the ocean by humans or natural forces.